Shareholding: main investor holds at least 60 %, 40 % for sale
User, 20 Oct 2026: the main investor W wants to hold at least 60 % of the company (the BOI-promoted company), so only 40 % is for sale. - total-investment.md "Two plans": the 60/40 rule; Ploy Printing's stake, founders' shares and any further co-investor come out of the 40 %; at Plan B's ~54M THB equity floor (3:1) and one share price that is at least ~32M / at most ~22M THB (arithmetic only; share price, valuation and in-kind shares not agreed). - README Project Status and boi.md (foreign-ownership privilege) point to it. - Business plan: section 12.2 states the split (A: ~28M / ~18M, B: ~32M / ~22M at the equity floor, arithmetic), the co-investment bullet and the decisions list name the 40 %; A and B rebuilt (63 pages each, TOC and em-dash check clean).
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@@ -79,7 +79,11 @@ steps are open planning items.
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**Plan A, ~182M THB** (~2M above 180M since steam went biomass), the
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launch plant with six cost levers, and **Plan B, ~217M THB**, the same
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launch plant with everything in. **The main investor wants to go with
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Plan B** (19 October 2026); the investor deck leads with it.
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Plan B** (19 October 2026); the investor deck leads with it. The main
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investor holds **at least 60 % of the company**, so at most 40 % is for
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sale to co-investors (Ploy Printing, the founders, others;
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[shareholding](docs/finance/total-investment.md#two-plans-a-at-180m-thb-and-b-at-215m-thb-october-2026),
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20 October 2026).
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Chinese boilers, compressor and hydraulics save about 2M THB of that
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([Chinese suppliers](docs/suppliers/china-utilities.md)).
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The business plan is re-based on it (draft 0.2).
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@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@ the battery, if it qualifies), not on "we press plastic discs."
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imported, ~2.5M USD at the midpoint (figures re-based October 2026; the
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earlier ~2.75M was the superseded start fleet).
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- **100% foreign ownership** of the promoted manufacturing company,
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overriding Foreign Business Act restrictions for the promoted activity
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overriding Foreign Business Act restrictions for the promoted activity.
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The intended split: the main investor holds at least 60 %, at most
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40 % goes to co-investors (user, October 2026;
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[total investment](finance/total-investment.md#two-plans-a-at-180m-thb-and-b-at-215m-thb-october-2026))
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- **Land ownership** for the promoted operation despite foreign
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shareholding, plus a small allowance for office/residential use; note the
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privilege is tied to the promotion, which matters for the buy-vs-lease
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@@ -373,7 +373,9 @@ def blocks():
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"no longer open: both versions run on biomass steam from launch.",
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"**Co-investment:** Ploy Printing, the Chiang Mai print and packaging house that will produce "
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"the plant's jackets and sleeves, has expressed the intention to invest alongside the lead "
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"investor. Terms are not yet discussed; the intended structure is described in section 12.",
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"investor. The lead investor holds at least 60 % of the company, so at most 40 % is open to "
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"Ploy Printing, the founders and any further co-investor. Terms are not yet discussed; the "
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"intended structure is described in section 12.2.",
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]),
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# ----------------------------------------------- 2 reading guide
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@@ -1121,20 +1121,27 @@ def blocks():
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"plus 1 to 2 for the cassette and CD-R lines from launch.") +
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" A process engineer from abroad can be employed on a BOI work permit (section 7)."),
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H2("12.2 Ownership and structure"),
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P("Amounts and percentages are not yet agreed and are deliberately left open here. The intended "
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"structure is:"),
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P("The main investor holds **at least 60 %** of the company, so at most **40 %** is for sale to other "
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"shareholders (decided by the main investor, October 2026). Amounts, the share price and the split "
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"of the 40 % are not yet agreed. The intended structure is:"),
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B([
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"**One Thai limited company** holds the plant, the lease, the equipment and the BOI promotion. BOI "
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"promotion permits 100 % foreign ownership of the promoted manufacturing activity, so the "
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"shareholding can be set on commercial terms rather than to satisfy the Foreign Business Act.",
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"**Shareholders:** the lead investor; Ploy Printing as strategic co-investor; and the founders. "
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"**Shareholders:** the lead investor with at least 60 %; within the remaining 40 % at most, Ploy "
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"Printing as strategic co-investor, the founders and any further co-investor. "
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"Ploy Printing's participation, whether in cash, in kind (print capacity, premises, working "
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"capital in packaging) or both, is to be discussed; its strategic value is a packaging partner "
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"whose incentives are aligned with the plant's schedule and quality, within the same province.",
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"**Debt-to-equity no higher than 3:1**, maintained for the life of the BOI privileges, which sets "
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"the floor on equity in the financing mix: at least a quarter of the funding, " + pick(
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"~46M THB of Plan A's ~182M", "~54M THB of Plan B's ~217M") +
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" (arithmetic, before financing costs).",
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" (arithmetic, before financing costs). " + pick(
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"If all of it were paid in at one share price, the lead investor's 60 % would be at least "
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"~28M THB and the 40 % at most ~18M THB",
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"If all of it were paid in at one share price, the lead investor's 60 % would be at least "
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"~32M THB and the 40 % at most ~22M THB") +
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" (arithmetic only; share price, valuation and any founders' or in-kind shares are not agreed).",
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"**A shareholders' agreement** covering board composition, reserved matters (capital calls and "
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"tranche releases, the growth options such as a second Duplex, CD replication), pre-emption and transfer, information rights, and the founders' roles and "
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"remuneration.",
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@@ -1257,13 +1264,15 @@ def blocks():
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"levers, the solar PPA first (~14.7M THB off the price for a power bill of ~0.06M USD a year); "
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"whether to buy a Chinese biomass boiler if its quote brings the plan under 180M; CD "
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"replication, yes or no, before the BOI application is finalised; the biomass fuel contracts; "
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"the shareholder structure with Ploy Printing and the founders; hedging of the EUR orders.",
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"the split of the 40 % open to co-investors (Ploy Printing, the founders, others; the lead "
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"investor holds at least 60 %); hedging of the EUR orders.",
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"The equity and debt mix, and how quotes landing above the plan price are funded; the ~35M "
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"THB of items Plan A leases or defers (owned solar on the factory roof with no PPA bill, the "
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"full metrology stack, the visitor corridor, cassette and CD-R, the bought crane, the Thai "
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"compressor), each weighed against its lever; CD replication, yes or no, before the BOI "
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"application is finalised; the biomass fuel contracts; the shareholder structure "
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"with Ploy Printing and the founders; hedging of the EUR orders.")],
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"within the 40 % open to co-investors (Ploy Printing, the founders, others; the lead "
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"investor holds at least 60 %); hedging of the EUR orders.")],
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["Later", pick(
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"Revenue-funded growth: the second Duplex system (~USD 230k to 300k for the press system; "
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"~15.4M THB at the midpoint with its chiller module, freight and working capital, estimate), "
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@@ -138,6 +138,20 @@ Plan B is the proposal from here on: the investor deck leads with it,
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and Plan A stays as the comparison, the version with the lowest launch
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capital. Nothing in either plan's figures changes with that choice.
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**Shareholding (user, 20 October 2026): the main investor holds at least
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60 % of the company** that holds the plant and the BOI promotion, so at
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most **40 % is for sale** to other shareholders. Ploy Printing's stake
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(cash, in kind or both), any founders' shares and any further
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co-investor all come out of that 40 %. BOI promotion permits up to 100 %
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foreign ownership of the promoted activity ([BOI](../boi.md)), so the
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split needs no particular nationality on either side. With BOI's 3:1
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debt-to-equity ceiling Plan B needs at least ~54M THB of equity; if all
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of it were paid in at one share price, the main investor's 60 % would be
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at least ~32M THB and the 40 % at most ~22M THB (arithmetic only: the
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share price, the valuation, the total equity above the floor and any
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founders' or in-kind shares are not agreed). The terms go into the
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shareholders' agreement (business plan section 12.2).
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Decided (user, October 2026): the business plan comes in **two
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versions** for the investor, built from the same documents:
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