Document that via capping is deliberately not modeled, with error bound

Layer-to-layer the cap (>=15 um plating per fab spec) is parallel to
the annular-ring contact, so it cannot change the DC path. In-plane the
model treats every via mouth as solid layer-thickness copper; the error
is bounded by the dilute-hole correction (~ +2x mouth-area-fraction
locally), partially offset by the unmodeled annular-ring copper, and
typically well under a few percent of total R.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

README.md

@@ -70,9 +70,18 @@ SWIG API. Requires KiCad **10.0.1+**.
   barrel lengths.
 - Via/pad barrels: thin-wall annulus, R = ρ·L/(π·d·t_plating),
   `VIA_PLATING_UM = 18` in `fill_resistance/config.py`. Vias are always
-  plated; capped vs uncapped does not change the layer-to-layer DC path
+  plated. **Via capping is not modeled.** Layer-to-layer it cannot
-  (the ≥5 µm cap sits over the hole mouth in parallel with the
+  matter at DC: the cap (≥15 µm plating per fab spec, thinner than the
-  annular-ring contact, not in series). Per layer a barrel attaches to
+  foil) sits over the hole mouth in parallel with the annular-ring
+  contact, not in series. In-plane, the model treats every via mouth as
+  solid layer-thickness copper (KiCad fills do not subtract the drill),
+  where reality is a hole (uncapped) or the thin cap. The error is
+  bounded by the dilute-hole correction ρ_eff ≈ ρ·(1 + 2f) inside via
+  fields (f = mouth area fraction; 0.3 mm drills on a 1 mm grid give
+  f ≈ 7 % → ≈ +14 % locally), is partially offset by the unmodeled
+  annular-ring copper, and largely vanishes where the current descends
+  into the barrels anyway — typically ≪ a few % of the total R.
+  Per layer a barrel attaches to
   the fill cell under it, or to the nearest copper cell within the pad
   footprint plus one grid cell — fills joined by **thermal-relief
   spokes** still connect; wider antipads do not, and the barrel bridges

fill_resistance/config.py

@@ -21,10 +21,12 @@ COPPER_THICKNESS_UM: float | None = None  # None -> stackup, fallback 35.0 with
 FALLBACK_THICKNESS_UM = 35.0
 TEST_CURRENT_A = 1.0            # default injected current (dialog/CLI-selectable)
 VIA_PLATING_UM = 18.0           # barrel plating thickness (always plated).
-                                # Capped vs uncapped vias do not change the
+                                # Via capping is NOT modeled: layer-to-layer
-                                # layer-to-layer DC path: the >=5um cap sits
+                                # the cap (>=15um per fab spec, thinner than
-                                # over the hole mouth in parallel with the
+                                # the foil) is parallel to the annular-ring
-                                # annular-ring contact, not in series.
+                                # contact, not in series; in-plane every via
+                                # mouth is treated as solid layer-thickness
+                                # copper (error bound: see README).
 INCLUDE_TH_PADS = True          # plated through-hole pads stitch layers too
 SKIN_SIDES = 1                  # skin-effect field config: 1 = plane facing a
                                 # return plane (conservative), 2 = isolated foil