Re-base scale, pressing line, roadmap, revenue model and calculator on the launch plant
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Launch plant (user, October 2026): one Duplex system and one Classic,
with cutting and galvanics in-house, everything in one capital round.

- scale.md: capacity table now launch plant 0.71-0.97M records/yr, the
  second Duplex as a growth option; launch utilities (450-540 kg/h on
  B-1/B-2, ~390 kW on 2 x 250 kW); calculator figure ~0.94M.
- pressing-line.md: launch plant section on top; five-press fleet kept as
  the layout fleet the hall and backbone are built for.
- roadmap.md: long-lead orders for the launch plant, no bridge stampers
  or outsourced cutting, commissioning order, what stays revenue-gated.
- revenue-model.md: operating picture of the launch plant: central
  revenue ~3.75M USD, EBITDA ~1.6M, operating profit ~1.1M, payback ~4
  yr on 216M THB, break-even ~0.3M records; adverse corner cannot cover
  depreciation. Five-press table kept and labelled.
- fleet-calculator.html: start fleet 1 Duplex + 1 Classic, target 850k,
  capex base 6.55M (cases 8.9 / 6.55 / 4.9M), Duplex beyond one, chiller
  500 kW, imported machinery 2.3M, ladder from the launch plant.
- total-investment.md: superseded note updated.
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@@ -575,7 +575,74 @@ base salaries in that way.
is likely, but price realisation and cost control each move the margin
by more than a third on their own
## Operating picture at full capacity
## Operating picture of the launch plant (October 2026)
The plant now launches with one Newbilt Duplex system and one Classic,
with cutting and galvanics in-house from the start
([total investment](total-investment.md#launch-plant-october-2026)). Three
presses make ~0.71 to 0.97 million records a year on two shifts
([scale](../scale.md#production-capacity)), against 1.0 to 1.5 million for
the five-press fleet the full-capacity table below was built for. Same
method and the same three cases, with these changes (all estimates):
- **Volume** 0.71M / 0.84M / 0.97M records a year.
- **Direct payroll** stays at 3.7M to 5.4M THB a year (two shifts still
need the press, finishing, galvanics, QC and maintenance crews), so
labour per record rises to 0.12 / 0.16 / 0.23 USD and the direct cost to
1.34 / 1.98 / 2.65 USD.
- **Title services**: 200 / 300 / 400 titles at 580 / 1,155 / 1,730 USD,
60 to 70 % contribution after lacquers, styli and nickel. The middle
price is the per-title fee of the artist demos (37,836 THB).
- **Depreciation** on the launch plant: 8.9M USD over 10 years (adverse),
the 216M THB target (~6.55M USD) over 12.5 years (central), 4.9M USD
over 15 years (favourable).
- **Cash overheads** unchanged at 0.20M to 0.45M USD, paired high to
adverse.
| USD/yr | Adverse | Central | Favourable |
|---|---|---|---|
| Records | 0.71M | 0.84M | 0.97M |
| Blended price | 3.50 | 4.05 | 4.60 |
| Direct cost | 2.65 | 1.98 | 1.34 |
| Contribution per record | 0.85 | 2.07 | 3.26 |
| Pressing contribution | 0.60M | 1.74M | 3.17M |
| Title-services contribution | 0.07M | 0.23M | 0.48M |
| **Total contribution** | **0.67M** | **1.96M** | **3.65M** |
| Cash overheads | 0.45M | 0.33M | 0.20M |
| **EBITDA** | **0.22M** | **1.63M** | **3.45M** |
| Depreciation | 0.89M | 0.52M | 0.33M |
| **Operating profit** | **-0.67M** | **1.11M** | **3.12M** |
| Revenue | 2.60M (~86M THB) | 3.75M (~124M THB) | 5.15M (~170M THB) |
| Payback on the launch capital (EBITDA, mature year) | never | ~4 yr (3.0 to 5.5 on 4.9M to 8.9M) | ~1.4 yr |
What it says:
- **The central case works on 216M THB**: EBITDA ~1.6M USD (~54M THB) a
year and operating profit ~1.1M USD (~37M THB) once the plant runs at
volume, and it breaks even on operating profit at about **0.3 million
records a year, a little over a third of capacity**.
- **The adverse corner cannot pay for itself at any volume the three
presses make**: it would need ~1.5 million records to cover
depreciation. It stacks the low price, the high cost, the high capital
and the high overheads at once; at the central cost and volume the
price that covers depreciation is only ~2.7 to 3.0 USD (~90 to 98 THB)
a record, below the low price assumed.
- **The caveats of the full-capacity table hold here too**: the central
EBITDA margin (~43 %) is far above the 15 to 25 % pressing plants earn,
because the direct cost table leaves out indirect labour, freight,
scrap above the allowance and commissions. Price realisation and
utilisation decide the result, and the ramp year is not in this table
(the ramp-up reserve in the investment covers it).
- Not modelled: cassette and CD-R lines, stamper supply to other
pressing plants, dropshipping fees. The solar PPA lever in the
investment would add its power price to the energy line instead of
capital.
## Operating picture at full capacity (five-press fleet)
The fleet this table describes (two Duplex systems and a Classic) is now
a growth option; the launch plant is in the section above.
Built from the components above rather than asserted. The
[press fleet calculator](../fleet-calculator.html) runs the same P&L for
@@ -588,7 +655,7 @@ and nickel; a lacquer blank costs about **70 EUR** (team figure, October
2026), one per side, so ~160 USD a two-sided title before recuts. Cash overheads (admin, sales, insurance, facility running,
IT, professional fees, marketing) are estimated at **200–450k USD/yr**
and deliberately paired high-to-adverse. Depreciation is the 4.7–8.9M
capex over 10–15 years.
capex of the earlier full vision over 10–15 years.
| USD/yr | Adverse | Central | Favourable |
|---|---|---|---|
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## Full vision, all blocks (July 2026, superseded)
The five-press full vision below is superseded by the launch plant above.
It stays until the documents that quote its 4.7M to 8.9M USD total (README,
roadmap, revenue model, business plan) are re-based on the launch plant.
Scale, pressing line, roadmap, revenue model (which now has a launch-plant
operating picture) and the fleet calculator are re-based on the launch
plant; the business plan is next. It stays for the record of how the
blocks were built.
| Block | USD | THB | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|