Files
cnx_vinyl/docs/equipment/pressing-line.md
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grabowski 20c8d283d5 Rebase costs on USD/THB; add timelines and first market data
Currency
- Base currency moves from EUR to USD and THB throughout. Rates at
  5 Aug 2026: 1 USD = 33 THB, 1 EUR = 1.155 USD, 1 GBP = 1.35 USD.
  EUR/THB lands at ~38, so existing THB research needed no change.
- Vendor quotes keep their original currency with a USD/THB equivalent
  alongside, so they stay checkable against the source PDFs.
- Full vision ~4.7-8.9M USD; phased entry ~1.7-2.9M USD.

New documents
- production-timeline.md: order turnaround stage by stage. Launch
  8-14 weeks, mature 5-10, repress 2-3. Quantifies the in-house
  galvanics turnaround claim the repo had asserted without a number,
  and flags artwork as an unmodelled fourth approval gate.
- project-timeline.md: calendar to first paying release, ~Q4 2028.
  Critical path is BOI certificate to press order to build to
  commissioning. Two findings: Newbilt build time is absent from the
  repo yet carries ~40% of the schedule, and the BOI rule may be
  over-serialised since duty exemption attaches at importation rather
  than at contract signature.

First market data (ResurRec, Bangkok)
- Invoice-derived prices, a factory tour, and a confirmed fleet of one
  Newbilt Classic 12" automatic plus one semi-automatic.
- Price ladder recorded at 300/500/1000-3000/3000+ units. Decomposes
  to roughly 34-50k THB fixed per title and 535-780 THB variable per
  unit, which is 4-7x the price this model assumes.
- The incumbent presses 230-350k records/yr but buys every stamper as
  an import. That single constraint plausibly explains their 150-unit
  floor, their flat discount ladder and their large-run lead time, and
  it is what an in-house galvanics line attacks. Logged as an open
  question on whether galvanics should move from phase 5 to phase 1.
- Inferences are marked as inferences; the whole set is one buyer and
  one plant, and the model is deliberately left unrebased until a
  second data point exists.

Corrections
- Gross margin arithmetic did not follow from its own inputs. Restated
  as ~1.95 USD at the midpoint with the 0.75-3.15 spread shown; the
  previous "40 to 55%" was not supported.
- Direct cost low total 1.50 to 1.45 USD; contingency THB high 40M
  to 38M.
- README indexes the construction RFQ, which was missing.
2026-08-06 12:22:40 +07:00

2.9 KiB

Pressing Line: Equipment Plan

The target press fleet is a 50/50 split between fully automated and semi-automatic presses: automated presses for standard production volume, and semi-automatic presses for splatter and other color effects, special editions, and small runs, where an operator working the mold directly is an advantage rather than a cost. The semi-automatic side is covered by the Newbilt evaluation below; a fully automated press line is an open procurement item (see the vendor landscape for the Pheenix Alpha candidate).

Semi-automatic line: Newbilt

The core semi-automatic machinery under evaluation comes from Newbilt machinery GmbH (Alsdorf, Germany):

  • Newbilt Single 2.1 system: one VEX 50 extruder feeding one HRP 12 hydraulic press (~150 t press force), pressing 12" records at 140 or 180 g with a Newbilt book mold set. A Vario trimmer handles 12" cuttings, with a 7"/10" upgrade path.
  • Duplex upgrade path: the hydraulic aggregate is already sized for a second press, and an additional press and extruder are quoted options, so the plant can scale from Single to Duplex without replacing infrastructure.
  • Supporting equipment: label dry oven, shrink wrapper, PVC grinder (scrap feeds back as the ~20% recycled share of the feedstock), 7" center label punch, buffer spindles and separator plates.

The June 2024 Newbilt quotation totals EUR 200,500 (about USD 232k / 7.7M THB at August 2026 rates), including freight from Alsdorf to Thailand and seaworthy packaging. Two major utility systems are deliberately excluded and will be sourced and installed locally in Thailand: a ~400 kg/h steam generator (with water treatment) and a ~250 kW cooling water system. The quotation has passed its validity date and will need re-confirmation before ordering.

Site requirements

Site planning for the semi-automatic line works from Newbilt's Duplex requirements: roughly 200 m² of production floor, 32 kVA connected electrical load, saturated steam at 10 bar, and compressed air and cooling water circuits, plus side rooms for materials, compressor, chiller, and finished goods.

Floor loading is a building-selection criterion: the slab must carry multiple tons per m² in the machine areas. A Newbilt press weighs 1,350 kg on a footprint under 1 m², and the boiler, chiller, hydraulic aggregate, battery stack, and stacked material storage all concentrate weight the same way. The floor must also be flat but not slippery (machine levelling pads need grip) and resistant to the solvents used in production. Dynamic loads from press cycles come on top of the static figures, so the structural engineer gets the vendor data sheets, not just the totals.

Source documents live in newbilt/: the budgetary offer, the Duplex site requirements, the process schematic, and the service rate card.