Specials share 60 %+: revenue model, calculator and business plan re-based
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User (October 2026): "lets say 60+% special prints" (the plant focuses on special prints, not mono colours). - Specials (splatter, marble, colour effects) run only on the Duplex systems, so at 60 % the Duplex sets the launch plant's output: ~0.58 / 0.74 / 0.90M records a year (was 0.71 / 0.84 / 0.97 at ~20 %), the Classic at about two thirds load. Full 60/40 hall: ~2.3 to 3.6M (Duplex -limited, Classics about half loaded); five-press fleet unchanged. A hall balanced by output at 60 % would give Duplex ~70 to 75 % of the floor (estimate; noted, not applied). - Blended price 3.76 / 4.49 / 5.27 USD (standard 3.40 / 3.80 / 4.25 plus the 0.60 / 1.15 / 1.70 specials premium on 60 %). Launch operating picture: revenue 2.28 / 3.65 / 5.41M USD, EBITDA 0.23 / 1.73 / 3.79M, operating profit -0.66 / 1.21 / 3.46M, payback ~3.8 yr central, break-even ~0.25M records; adverse needs ~1.1M records to cover depreciation. Specials' extra direct cost (coloured compound, purge, trim only into black) is not in the cost table yet: flagged as an upper bound until compound quotes. - Calculator default specials share 20 -> 60 % (planning rates keep the launch plant balanced at 850k: revenue 4.14M, EBITDA 2.07M, payback 3.3 yr, cash payback year ~4.8, IRR ~18 %). - revenue-model.md, scale.md, pressing-line.md, README; business plan draft 0.2 rebuilt (sections 1, 4, 9, risks). Checks: calculator regression 0 fails, no page errors, node --check on all scripts; PDF 47 pages, table of contents filled; no em dashes added.
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@@ -451,7 +451,18 @@ standard/color mix:
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- **Blended pressing price: ~3.50 to 4.60 USD per record**
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(~115 to 150 THB) — pressing, labels, inner sleeve, assembly into
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customer-supplied or locally-made jacket; deluxe packaging passed
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through at cost plus margin
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through at cost plus margin. That blend holds at ~20 % specials
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(standard 3.40 / 3.80 / 4.25 USD plus the 0.60 / 1.15 / 1.70 colour and
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splatter premium on a fifth of the records).
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- **Specials share: 60 % and more (decided October 2026).** The plant
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focuses on special prints (splatter, marble, colour effects), not mono
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colours, so the plan takes 60 % specials: the blend rises to **~3.76 /
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4.49 / 5.27 USD** (adverse / central / favourable). Specials run only
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on the Duplex systems (the Classic has one built-in extruder), which
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makes the Duplex the launch plant's bottleneck (below). The direct cost
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table does not yet carry what specials cost extra (coloured compound,
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colour-change purge, trim that only goes back into black), so the gain
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is an upper bound until the compound quotes arrive
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- **Per-title services: ~580 to 1,730 USD per title** (~19,000 to 57,000
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THB) for mastering, cutting, stampers, test pressings, at roughly 300
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to 600 titles/yr at full capacity
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@@ -580,16 +591,26 @@ base salaries in that way.
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The plant now launches with one Newbilt Duplex system and one Classic,
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with cutting and galvanics in-house from the start
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([total investment](total-investment.md#launch-plant-october-2026)). Three
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presses make ~0.71 to 0.97 million records a year on two shifts
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([scale](../scale.md#production-capacity)), against 1.0 to 1.5 million for
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the five-press fleet the full-capacity table below was built for. Same
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method and the same three cases, with these changes (all estimates):
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presses make ~0.71 to 0.97 million records a year on two shifts at the
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earlier ~20 % specials share ([scale](../scale.md#production-capacity)),
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against 1.0 to 1.5 million for the five-press fleet the full-capacity
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table below was built for. Re-based on **60 % specials** (October 2026),
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same method and the same three cases, with these changes (all estimates):
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- **Volume** 0.71M / 0.84M / 0.97M records a year.
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- **Volume 0.58M / 0.74M / 0.90M records a year.** Specials run only on
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the Duplex system, so at 60 % its two presses (60 to 80 records an hour
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each, estimate) set the output: 120 to 160 specials an hour carry 80 to
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107 standard records on the Classic, which then runs at about two
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thirds of its ~128 an hour. At the team's planning rate (3 a minute per
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Duplex system) the launch plant stays balanced at ~0.94 million, which
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is what the [calculator](../fleet-calculator.html) shows.
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- **Blended price** 3.76 / 4.49 / 5.27 USD: standard 3.40 / 3.80 / 4.25
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plus the specials premium 0.60 / 1.15 / 1.70 on 60 % of the records.
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- **Direct payroll** stays at 3.7M to 5.4M THB a year (two shifts still
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need the press, finishing, galvanics, QC and maintenance crews), so
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labour per record rises to 0.12 / 0.16 / 0.23 USD and the direct cost to
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1.34 / 1.98 / 2.65 USD.
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labour per record rises to 0.13 / 0.19 / 0.28 USD and the direct cost to
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1.35 / 2.00 / 2.70 USD, with no extra cost for specials yet (see the
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pricing assumptions).
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- **Title services**: 200 / 300 / 400 titles at 580 / 1,155 / 1,730 USD,
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60 to 70 % contribution after lacquers, styli and nickel. The middle
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price is the per-title fee of the artist demos (37,836 THB).
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@@ -601,34 +622,41 @@ method and the same three cases, with these changes (all estimates):
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| USD/yr | Adverse | Central | Favourable |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Records | 0.71M | 0.84M | 0.97M |
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| Blended price | 3.50 | 4.05 | 4.60 |
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| Direct cost | 2.65 | 1.98 | 1.34 |
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| Contribution per record | 0.85 | 2.07 | 3.26 |
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| Pressing contribution | 0.60M | 1.74M | 3.17M |
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| Records | 0.58M | 0.74M | 0.90M |
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| Blended price (60 % specials) | 3.76 | 4.49 | 5.27 |
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| Direct cost | 2.70 | 2.00 | 1.35 |
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| Contribution per record | 1.06 | 2.49 | 3.92 |
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| Pressing contribution | 0.61M | 1.83M | 3.51M |
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| Title-services contribution | 0.07M | 0.23M | 0.48M |
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| **Total contribution** | **0.67M** | **1.96M** | **3.65M** |
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| **Total contribution** | **0.68M** | **2.06M** | **3.99M** |
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| Cash overheads | 0.45M | 0.33M | 0.20M |
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| **EBITDA** | **0.22M** | **1.63M** | **3.45M** |
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| **EBITDA** | **0.23M** | **1.73M** | **3.79M** |
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| Depreciation | 0.89M | 0.52M | 0.33M |
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| **Operating profit** | **-0.67M** | **1.11M** | **3.12M** |
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| Revenue | 2.60M (~86M THB) | 3.75M (~124M THB) | 5.15M (~170M THB) |
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| Payback on the launch capital (EBITDA, mature year) | never | ~4 yr (3.0 to 5.5 on 4.9M to 8.9M) | ~1.4 yr |
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| **Operating profit** | **-0.66M** | **1.21M** | **3.46M** |
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| Revenue | 2.28M (~75M THB) | 3.65M (~120M THB) | 5.41M (~179M THB) |
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| Payback on the launch capital (EBITDA, mature year) | never | ~3.8 yr (2.8 to 5.1 on 4.9M to 8.9M) | ~1.3 yr |
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At the earlier ~20 % specials share the same table read 0.71 / 0.84 /
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0.97M records, revenue 2.60 / 3.75 / 5.15M and EBITDA 0.22 / 1.63 /
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3.45M: more specials earn a higher price on fewer records, and the
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central EBITDA gains ~0.1M USD a year (more if the Duplex presses run
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faster than 60 to 80 an hour, less once specials carry their extra
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cost).
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What it says:
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- **The central case works on 216M THB**: EBITDA ~1.6M USD (~54M THB) a
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year and operating profit ~1.1M USD (~37M THB) once the plant runs at
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volume, and it breaks even on operating profit at about **0.3 million
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records a year, a little over a third of capacity**.
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- **The central case works on 216M THB**: EBITDA ~1.7M USD (~57M THB) a
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year and operating profit ~1.2M USD (~40M THB) once the plant runs at
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volume, and it breaks even on operating profit at about **0.25 million
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records a year, about a third of its output**.
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- **The adverse corner cannot pay for itself at any volume the three
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presses make**: it would need ~1.5 million records to cover
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presses make**: it would need ~1.1 million records to cover
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depreciation. It stacks the low price, the high cost, the high capital
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and the high overheads at once; at the central cost and volume the
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price that covers depreciation is only ~2.7 to 3.0 USD (~90 to 98 THB)
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a record, below the low price assumed.
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- **The caveats of the full-capacity table hold here too**: the central
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EBITDA margin (~43 %) is far above the 15 to 25 % pressing plants earn,
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EBITDA margin (~47 %) is far above the 15 to 25 % pressing plants earn,
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because the direct cost table leaves out indirect labour, freight,
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scrap above the allowance and commissions. Price realisation and
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utilisation decide the result, and the ramp year is not in this table
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@@ -641,7 +669,10 @@ What it says:
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## Operating picture at full capacity (five-press fleet)
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The fleet this table describes (two Duplex systems and a Classic) is now
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a growth option; the launch plant is in the section above.
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a growth option; the launch plant is in the section above. This table
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keeps the earlier ~20 % specials share and the earlier capex; it is not
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re-based (at 60 % specials the five presses are not Duplex-limited, so
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the volume holds and the blend rises as in the launch table).
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Built from the components above rather than asserted. The
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@@ -704,7 +735,10 @@ profits where there are any; see [boi.md](../boi.md).
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loss-making at full volume
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- **Mix**: color/splatter and boutique runs carry 20 to 50% price premiums
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and suit the semi-automatic line; the title-services line (mastering,
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cutting, stampers) has software-like margins once the rooms exist
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cutting, stampers) has software-like margins once the rooms exist. At
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the planned 60 %+ specials the Duplex presses' real rate decides the
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volume: each extra record an hour on the Duplex adds about 1.7 to the
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plant's hourly output at that share
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- **Regional position**: an Asia-Pacific full-service plant competes on
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turnaround and freight against EU/US plants for regional labels; pricing
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power there is unproven and is the single biggest assumption in this
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