From 81a3318a5f09ea325b71a54c0202a8fce80c6ee9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: grabowski <berwn@buildfor.life>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 15:11:17 +0700
Subject: [PATCH] Add systemd-based USB auto-mount setup script
MIME-Version: 1.0
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Created setup_usb_automount.sh to solve fstab auto-mount issues
with modern systemd-based Raspberry Pi OS.

Features:
- Creates systemd .mount and .automount units
- Extracts UUIDs from existing /etc/fstab automatically
- Allows manual UUID entry if not found
- Auto-mounts when USB drives are accessed (on-demand)
- Works even if USB drives are plugged in after boot
- Proper user permissions (uid/gid)
- Easy enable/disable via systemctl

This solves the issue where fstab entries don't auto-mount
because USB drives aren't present at boot time or systemd
has different mounting priorities.

Usage:
  sudo ./setup_usb_automount.sh

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 setup_usb_automount.sh | 173 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 173 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 setup_usb_automount.sh

diff --git a/setup_usb_automount.sh b/setup_usb_automount.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e07f86e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/setup_usb_automount.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# USB Auto-mount Setup using systemd
+# This creates systemd mount units that auto-mount when USB drives are inserted
+#
+
+set -e
+
+# Colors for output
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+GREEN='\033[0;32m'
+YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
+NC='\033[0m' # No Color
+
+echo "=========================================="
+echo "USB Auto-mount Setup (systemd)"
+echo "=========================================="
+echo ""
+
+# Check if running as root
+if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
+    echo -e "${RED}This script needs sudo privileges${NC}"
+    echo "Please run with: sudo ./setup_usb_automount.sh"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Get the real user (not root when using sudo)
+REAL_USER=${SUDO_USER:-$USER}
+REAL_UID=$(id -u $REAL_USER)
+REAL_GID=$(id -g $REAL_USER)
+
+echo "Setting up auto-mount for user: $REAL_USER (UID:$REAL_UID, GID:$REAL_GID)"
+echo ""
+
+# Create mount points
+echo "Creating mount points..."
+mkdir -p /media/usb0 /media/usb1
+chown $REAL_UID:$REAL_GID /media/usb0 /media/usb1
+echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Mount points created${NC}"
+echo ""
+
+# Detect USB devices and get UUIDs
+echo "Detecting USB devices..."
+lsblk -f | grep -E "sd[a-z][0-9]|vfat|exfat|ntfs"
+echo ""
+
+# Function to create systemd mount unit
+create_mount_unit() {
+    local uuid=$1
+    local mount_point=$2
+    local unit_name=$(systemd-escape -p --suffix=mount "$mount_point")
+
+    echo "Creating systemd mount unit: $unit_name"
+
+    cat > "/etc/systemd/system/$unit_name" <<EOF
+[Unit]
+Description=USB Drive Auto-mount ($mount_point)
+After=local-fs.target
+
+[Mount]
+What=UUID=$uuid
+Where=$mount_point
+Type=vfat
+Options=defaults,nofail,uid=$REAL_UID,gid=$REAL_GID,umask=0022
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+EOF
+
+    # Create corresponding automount unit
+    local automount_unit="${unit_name/.mount/.automount}"
+    cat > "/etc/systemd/system/$automount_unit" <<EOF
+[Unit]
+Description=USB Drive Auto-mount Trigger ($mount_point)
+
+[Automount]
+Where=$mount_point
+TimeoutIdleSec=5
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+EOF
+
+    echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Created $unit_name and $automount_unit${NC}"
+}
+
+# Get UUIDs from existing fstab or user input
+USB0_UUID=""
+USB1_UUID=""
+
+# Try to extract UUIDs from fstab
+if grep -q "UUID=.*usb0" /etc/fstab; then
+    USB0_UUID=$(grep "usb0" /etc/fstab | grep -oP 'UUID=\K[^\s]+')
+    echo "Found USB0 UUID in fstab: $USB0_UUID"
+fi
+
+if grep -q "UUID=.*usb1" /etc/fstab; then
+    USB1_UUID=$(grep "usb1" /etc/fstab | grep -oP 'UUID=\K[^\s]+')
+    echo "Found USB1 UUID in fstab: $USB1_UUID"
+fi
+
+echo ""
+echo "If UUIDs were not detected, please enter them manually:"
+echo ""
+
+if [ -z "$USB0_UUID" ]; then
+    read -p "USB0 UUID (e.g., D20B-AEC0) [Enter to skip]: " USB0_UUID
+fi
+
+if [ -z "$USB1_UUID" ]; then
+    read -p "USB1 UUID (e.g., E212-4316) [Enter to skip]: " USB1_UUID
+fi
+
+# Create systemd units
+echo ""
+CREATED=0
+
+if [ ! -z "$USB0_UUID" ]; then
+    create_mount_unit "$USB0_UUID" "/media/usb0"
+    CREATED=1
+fi
+
+if [ ! -z "$USB1_UUID" ]; then
+    create_mount_unit "$USB1_UUID" "/media/usb1"
+    CREATED=1
+fi
+
+if [ $CREATED -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo -e "${YELLOW}⚠ No UUIDs provided, no units created${NC}"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Reload systemd
+echo ""
+echo "Reloading systemd daemon..."
+systemctl daemon-reload
+echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Systemd reloaded${NC}"
+
+# Enable and start automount units
+echo ""
+echo "Enabling auto-mount units..."
+
+if [ ! -z "$USB0_UUID" ]; then
+    systemctl enable media-usb0.automount
+    systemctl start media-usb0.automount
+    echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Enabled /media/usb0 auto-mount${NC}"
+fi
+
+if [ ! -z "$USB1_UUID" ]; then
+    systemctl enable media-usb1.automount
+    systemctl start media-usb1.automount
+    echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Enabled /media/usb1 auto-mount${NC}"
+fi
+
+echo ""
+echo "=========================================="
+echo "Setup Complete!"
+echo "=========================================="
+echo ""
+echo "USB drives will now auto-mount when accessed or plugged in"
+echo ""
+echo "To test:"
+echo "  ls /media/usb0"
+echo "  ls /media/usb1"
+echo ""
+echo "To check status:"
+echo "  systemctl status media-usb0.automount"
+echo "  systemctl status media-usb1.automount"
+echo ""
+echo "To disable (if needed):"
+echo "  sudo systemctl disable media-usb0.automount"
+echo "  sudo systemctl disable media-usb1.automount"
+echo ""