Contents
Sourcing: who sells the main components in Thailand
Research note, October 28, 2026, by Alexander Grabowski (B4L). Sources were retrieved on October 27 and 28, 2026, and every statement about a company's current business describes what its pages said then. Money is in THB with USD in parentheses at 33 THB per USD.
Roles. The investor would buy, own and operate the equipment. B4L (buildfor.life) works for the investor as consultant. This note names companies to invite to tenders; it ranks none of them and endorses none.
This note covers the companies in Thailand that sell, build or service each main component of the first data center. It runs from the grid connection and the electrical plant through the solar field and the battery, the cooling plant and the halls, fire protection, monitoring and security, to the IT and network equipment and the firms that design, build and commission data centers. For each component a table gives what the design needs, who sells it here, whether it is made in Thailand, and which Thai projects show the seller's work. A company appears because we found evidence that it sells or works in Thailand, and for no other reason; the order within a cell carries no ranking. Where we found no Thai seller, the table says so.
In short
Almost every component has a seller in Thailand, and a good part of the plant is made here. PEA's approved-products list of September 2026 names seven Thai makers of 22 kV and 33 kV cable.[926] Ekarat builds transformers of up to 30,000 kVA, about 4,000 MVA a year.[927] Nidec makes coolant distribution units for liquid-cooled racks at its plant in Ayutthaya,[928] CIG BluSolutions makes a dry cooler rated for 40 °C water,[929] and Trane builds chillers in Samut Prakan.[930] Cheval makes Open Rack v3 racks in Chiang Mai,[931] and Seagate's largest drive plant is in Korat.[932] Thai factories could make about 10.4 GW of solar panels a year in 2023, though output has fallen since the US duties of 2025.[933]
The rest comes in through Thai dealers. GPU servers, battery containers, generator sets, the large UPS, the air handlers for the hosting hall and most fire-suppression systems are imported. For these, the local partner's service matters more than the brand.
Service near the site is thin. We found no service center for generators, UPS or switchgear in Nakhon Ratchasima or Chaiyaphum. ABB's nearest branch is in Khon Kaen,[934] and Cummins DKSH serves from Wang Noi and Laem Chabang, about three hours away.[751] The contracts should therefore fix response times, and the site should hold its own critical spares (our judgment).
Solar looks cheaper than the study assumed; the battery price is still open. Thai contractors built ground-mount solar in 2026 for about 14 to 18 million THB per MW: a 148 MW contract signed in September 2026 came to just over 2,500 million THB, and an installer quotes 14 to 18 THB per Wp for systems of 5 MW and more.[924][925] The design note's cost model uses 22.9 to 25.5 million THB per MWp, which also covers development and grid works. For the battery, GIZ's average of USD 165 per kWh for containers with power conversion in 2024 sits inside the study's range of USD 125 to 192,[935] but every installed price found in Thailand is higher, and nobody has published a Thai price for a four-hour utility battery. Only bids will settle it.
Some Thai rules belong in the tender documents. Every UPS sold in Thailand needs a TIS 1291 license.[936] Every inverter must be on PEA's registration list, which is closed to new models from October 30 to December 8, 2026 while PEA moves to its 2026 grid code.[937] Thailand has no complete fire code for battery yards yet, so the battery tender has to name the international tests and spacing rules itself, next to the Engineering Institute of Thailand's installation standard.[938]
The long-lead items set the order dates. No Thai lead times were published. US quotes in May 2026 put coolant distribution units at 30 to 50 weeks and large chillers at 40 to 70 weeks.[939] The design note already orders transformers, MV switchgear, generators and UPS in the second quarter of 2027; the cooling plant should follow in the same quarter (our judgment).
Japanese, Thai and Chinese contractors built Thailand's data centers so far (our reading). Thai Takenaka built GSA's first data center,[940] Thai listed builders built others, and a Thai consultancy counts 30 of about 35 data-center sites in the Eastern Economic Corridor as run by Chinese contractors.[941] We found no data center in Korat or Chaiyaphum built by any of them; the nearest large public references there are EGAT's battery at Bamnet Narong, built by Mitsubishi with Larsen & Toubro,[942] and the solar farms of the Northeast.
How to read the tables: "What the design needs" repeats the figure from the design note, "Who sells it in Thailand" names the maker and its local seller or partner, and "Made in Thailand" says whether we found a Thai factory. Prices are list or reseller prices where one was public, never a quote.
Power and electrical plant
This part covers the electrical chain of the design, from the PEA line to the rack outlet, and names the companies in Thailand that sell, build or service each piece.
PEA connection and MV line works
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Line extension to the plot | 22 kV (33 kV where offered) on two feeders from separate substations, if PEA can supply them | PEA itself, which sells construction and grid connection services to customers;[943] PEA ENCOM, PEA's subsidiary, which builds overhead and underground lines and power stations;[944] DEMCO PCL;[945] PWH (Thailand)[946] | Not applicable | Outside industrial estates the applicant co-invests with PEA in the extension at PEA's rates and pays in full for the internal system, which it owns.[947] DEMCO built EGAT's 230 kV Sikhiu 2 substation in Si Khiu, Nakhon Ratchasima, with Ayutthaya 4 (2017, 739.69 million THB, USD 22.4 million).[945] |
| Connection fees | One high-voltage meter per incomer, two transformers totaling 6,300 kVA | PEA[948] | Not applicable | The fee table for an HV meter below 69 kV shows 15,000 THB (USD 455) up to 30 A or 20,000 THB (USD 606) above 30 A, and 400 THB (USD 12) per kVA, before VAT.[948] If the per-kVA item is the security deposit, two 3,150 kVA units need about 2.5 million THB (USD 76,000) (est.). A separate contribution scaled to the installed transformer rating applies outside industrial estates.[947] |
| Design check and survey | PEA review of the 22 kV design before construction | PEA, for a fee[947] | Not applicable | PEA can check a customer's design or survey and estimate an extension.[947] |
| MV cable, 22 kV and 33 kV XLPE | Underground feeders from the PEA point to the MV switchgear and on to the transformers | Bangkok Cable,[949] Charoong Thai Wire & Cable (CTW),[950] Thai-Yazaki,[951] Venine Cable,[952] Phelps Dodge International (Thailand);[953] PEA also approves ERW and Fuhrer[926] | Yes, all seven makers on PEA's list produce in Thailand[926] | PEA's September 2026 Product List (PL-13) approves these seven makers for 22 kV and 33 kV XLPE.[926] Bangkok Cable has plants in Samut Prakan and Chachoengsao[949] and 35,000 tons a year of power-cable capacity.[949] |
| MV surge arresters | Arresters at the incomer and the transformer terminals | INTRONICS, GK and Precise[926] | Yes[926] | Listed by PEA for 21 to 30 kV in September 2026.[926] |
The rules put the investor in charge of everything inside the fence and in partnership with PEA for the line to it. PEA's 2019 service regulation makes the customer pay all of the internal system and share the cost of the extension at PEA's rates, and the per-kVA rate table behind that clause is not published on PEA's site, so the first written estimate will come from PEA itself.[947] PEA publishes a monthly register of approved major equipment for its own substation and line contracts; the September 2026 edition went up on October 2, 2026.[954] Specifying cable and arresters from that register costs nothing and avoids a later dispute with PEA's inspectors (our judgment).
MV switchgear and ring main units
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 kV metal-clad switchgear | Incomers from two feeders, a bus coupler and transformer feeders | ABB Electrification (Thailand);[934] Schneider Electric through Asefa PCL, licensed to build PIX;[955] Siemens through CPT Drives and Power, licensed for SIMOPRIME;[956] Fuji Electric;[926] Eaton[926] | ABB ZS1, PUG TGS-24, Fuji Electric VC-V20A and Schneider PIX are listed as made in Thailand; Eaton UX comes from China and Siemens NXAIR-M from Turkey[926] | All appear on PEA's September 2026 list for 22 kV and 33 kV indoor switchgear (PL-11).[926] CPT builds SIMOPRIME at 24 kV up to 2,500 A and 25 kA.[956] ABB lists a service branch in Khon Kaen.[934] |
| Ring main units and load-break switches | Ring switching for a site 22 kV loop, if the design uses one | Lucy Electric[957] | Yes, Rayong factory since 2014, up to 10,000 units a year[957] | The Rayong plant builds Aegis Plus RMUs, Rapier GX load-break switches up to 36 kV and Gemini 3 RTUs, and supplied MEA.[957] |
| Prefabricated electrical rooms | Optional E-house for MV, transformers and LV | Siemens Thailand[958] | Not stated | Siemens presented the E-house to data-center buyers in Bangkok in 2025 and claims up to 50% faster delivery and 27% lower project cost (vendor claim).[958] Siemens and B.Grimm signed a data-center MoU in September 2024.[959] |
Four of the 22 kV switchgear lines on PEA's list are assembled in Thailand, which shortens delivery and puts spare breakers within a day's drive of Bangkok (our judgment). The tender should ask for the PEA-listed model, an IEC 62271-200 type test, internal-arc classification and protection relays that speak IEC 61850 or Modbus TCP, so the EPMS can read them without a vendor gateway (our judgment). Hitachi Energy's Thai page still says it assembles MV switchgear at Bangpoo,[960] but the text is copied from ABB's older page, so the bidder list should rely on PEA's register (our judgment).
Transformers, about 3,150 kVA at 22/0.4 kV
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oil-immersed distribution transformer | Two units of 3,150 kVA, each able to carry the whole site | Ekarat Engineering (AKR);[927] Tirathai PCL;[961] QTC Energy PCL[962] | Yes: Ekarat makes 1 to 30,000 kVA up to 36 kV, about 8,000 units or 4,000 MVA a year;[927] Tirathai;[961] QTC[962] | Ekarat offers less-flammable fluids such as FR3 and Midel.[927] QTC is certified to TIS 384-2543.[962] |
| Dry-type cast-resin transformer | Alternative if the transformers sit inside the building | Ekarat Engineering[963] | Yes, labeled "Made in Thailand"[963] | The maximum dry-type rating is not stated; ask for a 3,150 kVA type test. |
| Power-transformer plants (context) | Not needed at this size | Hitachi Energy;[964] ABB, Tirathai, Thai Trafo, Fuji Tusco and Daihen on PEA's list[926] | Yes[926] | Hitachi Energy is investing 455 million THB (USD 13.8 million) to raise its Samut Prakan capacity by 60% by the end of 2027.[964] |
Ekarat and Tirathai make transformers of this size in Thailand and QTC makes distribution transformers too, so local supply is not the constraint. The constraint is PEA's acceptance test: a transformer the customer buys must pass PEA's inspection or test before connection, and PEA says that test certifies neither quality nor efficiency.[947] The specification should therefore name the loss class, the test reports to deliver and the PEA test slot in the schedule (our judgment). Hitachi Energy's expansion is a sign that power-transformer queues are long; distribution units from Thai plants should be quoted with a firm delivery date (our judgment).
LV main switchboards, ATS and bus tie
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV main switchboards A and B with bus tie | Two type-tested boards in fire-separated rooms, rated for 2 MW | Asefa PCL (Schneider BlokSeT);[955] E.S. International (Siemens SIVACON);[965] CPT Drives and Power (SIVACON);[956] EMEC and Innovationtech (Eaton xEnergy)[966] | Yes, all four are Thai panel builders under the maker's license | Asefa reports 3.5 billion THB (USD 106 million) of revenue, about 10% from data centers (company statement, January 2025).[955] E.S. International builds SIVACON boards up to 7,400 A.[965] Schneider runs a factory at Bangpoo.[967] |
| Automatic transfer and changeover | Transfer between grid and generator bus on each side | Socomec Thailand;[968] DEIF AGC 150 controller through EcoXplore[969] | No | The AGC 150 has a three-breaker mode with a bus tie meant for MV ATS schemes in data centers.[969] |
The LV boards should come from a licensed panel builder with the maker's IEC 61439 type-test certificate for the exact form and rating, because a board copied from a catalog without that certificate is not type tested (our judgment). Asefa is the one Thai builder found that states data-center revenue.[955] Breakers with Modbus TCP trip units let the EPMS read every feeder without proprietary gateways (our judgment).
Busways and rack PDUs
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Busway in the halls | A and B overhead busways feeding every rack | Schneider Electric Thailand, Canalis-based iBusway for Data Centre;[970] Siemens Thailand, SIVACON 8PS;[971] Starline Track Busway through Bticino Thailand (Legrand)[972] | Not found | Schneider's iBusway runs from 100 to 400 A with metered tap-offs.[970] Starline's Critical Power Monitor uses standard protocols for BMS and DCIM integration.[972] |
| Rack PDUs | Two metered, switchable three-phase PDUs per rack | APC by Schneider through Thai resellers;[973] Server Technology through Bticino Thailand;[974] Vertiv Geist through Vertiv (Thailand) and DKSH[975] | Not found | A Thai reseller lists the APC AP7822B single-phase 7.4 kW metered PDU at 39,130 THB (USD 1,186) with VAT.[973] GPU racks need three-phase PDUs, which cost more (est.). |
Busway for a hall of this size is a project item, so prices come only with a quotation. Rack PDUs are catalog items with local stock and SNMP management, and the design should standardize on one PDU family per hall so the monitoring stack reads the same SNMP and Redfish fields everywhere (our judgment).
UPS, 2N lithium-ion
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large modular UPS with lithium-ion batteries | 2N, modules for 1 MW per path in phase 1 and 2 MW per path at full build (est.), with input smoothing | Schneider Electric Thailand, Galaxy VX 500 to 1,500 kW;[976] Vertiv (Thailand) with DKSH;[975] Huawei, UPS5000-H 400 to 1,600 kVA;[977] Socomec Thailand;[968] Riello through SITEM;[978] Delta[979] | No; Delta's Thai plants make other power products and its UPS come from India[979] | Schneider supplied Etix Everywhere Bangkok #1, a 5 MW data center with lithium-ion UPS batteries and racks up to 200 kW (vendor case study).[980] Vertiv supplied a 120 kVA Liebert EXM2 to CMU STeP's data center in Chiang Mai through SiS Distribution and Lannacom.[981][981] Huawei sells data-center systems through PlanetComm.[982] |
| Thai-made UPS | Small loads only, such as offices and gatehouses | LEONICS;[983] Chuphotic;[984] Syndome[985] | Yes | LEONICS reaches 800 kVA in its transformer-based KTT line.[983] Syndome's largest unit found is 20 kVA.[985] No lithium data-center reference was found for any of the three. |
The large UPS will be imported whichever brand wins, so local service decides more than the factory location. Every UPS sold in Thailand falls under TIS 1291, and TISI says importers need a license to sell them;[936] the tender should ask for the TIS license number with the bid (our judgment). The lithium battery cabinets need a UL 9540A test report and the battery maker's fire data, and the UPS must accept the design's 100% load step on generator and offer input smoothing (our judgment, as set out in the Power section).
Generators, paralleling and fuel
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous-rated diesel sets of about 1,600 kVA | Three sets (two in phase 1), letter of unlimited hours at site conditions | Cummins DKSH (Thailand);[751] Metro Machinery for Caterpillar;[986] M Tech Solutions for MTU service;[753] O A Sales and Service for Mitsubishi MGS;[987] Iyara Intertrade for FG Wilson;[988] Rehlko (Kohler-SDMO)[989] | No | Cummins DKSH lists Tellus Data Center, 12 MW from eight C1675 D5A sets,[990] and Digital Port Asia at Amata, two 2,000 kVA QSK60 sets.[991] Rehlko lists Thai colocation, research and ISP sites with 1,810 to 2,500 kVA sets but names no Thai distributor.[989] Metro Machinery has 35 branches.[986] |
| Engines and alternators for local packagers | Only if a Thai packager assembles the sets | ARD Generator for Volvo Penta engines and Leroy-Somer alternators;[992] Diamond Brothers Group for Perkins[993] | No | Local packaging suits smaller sets; the 1,600 kVA class is better bought complete from the engine maker's dealer (our judgment). |
| Paralleling controls | A generator section in each yard, paralleled through the A/B bus tie, with load sharing and a master controller | Cummins PowerCommand DMC through Cummins DKSH;[990] ComAp through Bangkok Controller;[994] Woodward through Barcol-Air (Thailand);[995] DEIF through EcoXplore[969] | No | Tellus Data Center runs on two PowerCommand DMC 1000 masters.[990] |
| Rental sets and load banks | Load-bank tests to avoid wet stacking at the opening load | Aggreko (Thailand) Limited[996] | No | Aggreko's Thai terms of hire are published for 2026.[996] |
| Bulk tanks and fuel system | Up to 15,000 L in bulk tanks plus built-in tanks, fuel polishing, transfer pumps | Thai Metal Product Industry for above-ground tanks;[997] Ultimate Commercial for AXI fuel polishing;[998] EcoXplore for a data-center fuel system[999] | Tanks yes;[997] polishing units no | Thai Metal's tanks carry DOEB and DIW certification.[997] The AXI FPS SX-F treats 4,543 L in 8 hours.[998] |
All four dealers named in the earlier generator research are still active in October 2026.[751][986][753][987] Only Cummins DKSH shows Thai data-center references of the right size, and its service centers are at Wang Noi and Laem Chabang,[751] about three hours' drive from Sikhio (est.), so the service contract should state a response time to the site (our judgment). MTS is MTU's service partner, and who sells new MTU sets in Thailand is not stated.[753] Paralleling controllers should expose Modbus TCP to the EPMS, and the fuel system's PLC should report tank levels and polishing alarms the same way (our judgment).
Earthing and lightning protection
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earthing, bonding and lightning protection | Site earth grid, equipotential bonding, air terminals and down conductors | nVent ERICO through Pisanu Engineering;[1000] OBO Bettermann through Sum Solutions for lightning protection,[1001] and through Labway Engineering and I-Tech Engineering & Supply[1001] | Not found | No Thai data-center reference was found for these products. |
| Surge protection devices | Type 1+2 SPDs on the LV boards and Type 2 downstream | DEHN through HI PURINO;[1002] OBO Bettermann partners[1001] | No | DEHN's Thai channel is a reseller; no DEHN subsidiary in Thailand was found. |
Lightning protection is a design-and-install job, so the product brand matters less than a contractor who designs to IEC 62305 and measures the earth resistance at handover (our judgment). The earthing and SPD packages should be in the electrical contractor's scope, with the products named in the specification.
Electrical contractors with data-center experience
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical and MEP installation | Installation of the whole chain above, tested to Tier III | Italthai Engineering;[1003] Leighton Asia;[1004] FLOYD PCL[1005] | Not applicable | Italthai Engineering did the MEP fit-out of a 4 MW, Uptime-certified Tier III hyperscale data center in Bangkok.[1003] Leighton Asia is fitting out data halls for NTT Global Data Centers in Bangkok.[1004] FLOYD built data-center infrastructure for Huawei in 2025 and describes it as a Tier III site of more than 10 MW (company statement).[1005] |
Construction contractors and commissioning agents are covered with the building. The three firms here are listed because their references include the electrical work in Thai data centers.
Solar field and battery
This section lists who sells the solar field, its inverters and mounting, the battery containers and the contractors who build and run them in Thailand, with what is made locally and where each has built before. Pages were read in October 2026, and the design quantities come from the first data center: 10 MWp of ground-mount panels per phase and a 20 MWh, 4-hour battery of about five containers with PCS and EMS, behind the meter with zero export.
PV modules
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modules from Thai factories | 10 MWp per phase, about 15,000 bifacial TOPCon modules of 600 to 700 W (est.) | Canadian Solar Manufacturing (Thailand), Trina Solar Science & Technology (Thailand), Talesun, Gintech and Solartron[933] | Yes. Fourteen makers had about 10,440 MW a year in 2023, Canadian Solar 5,300 MW of it.[933] Output was cut after the US duties, with close to 8,000 workers dismissed or put on leave in 2024,[1006] and Canadian Solar's Thai unit has been restructured[1007] | US duties on Thai modules total 375.19% to 972.23% since April 2025,[1008] and BOI no longer promotes panel assembly[1009] |
| Imported Tier 1 modules | Same | Trinasolar through Tako Cleantech;[1010] JA Solar through Terawat Energy[1011] and Tako Cleantech;[1012] LONGi through Siwasolar;[1013] Hanersun direct to a project[1014] | No | Hanersun supplies 715 W bifacial modules to Minebea Super Solar's 48 MW farm in Lopburi[1014] |
Modules are a commodity, and the price has fallen by about half since early 2024: Tier 1 TOPCon spot prices were USD 0.085 to 0.10 per watt in the second quarter of 2026, about 2.8 to 3.3 THB per watt.[1015] The Thai distributors found serve mainly rooftop buyers, so a 10 MWp order would go to the maker's regional sales office or through the EPC contractor, with the warranty held by a Thai entity that can process claims (our judgment). The Thai factories built to export to the United States now have spare capacity, which is worth testing in the tender, but none publishes a domestic utility price.
The Thai industrial standards for panels (TIS 61215 and 61730) are still voluntary. The Industry Ministry aims to make TIS rules for the whole PV system, from panels and inverters to cables, batteries and DC protection, mandatory by early 2027,[1016] so the tender should ask for TIS certificates as well as IEC test reports.
PV inverters and medium-voltage stations
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| String or central inverters | About 8 MWac for 10 MWp (est.), zero-export control, listed by PEA | Sungrow through Gunkul Engineering, its Tier 1 distributor;[1017] Huawei through eleven listed partners such as SYNNEX (Thailand), Premier Products, VST ECS, Haco Electric and SiS Distribution;[1018] SMA through SPCG's Solar Power Engineering;[1019] Delta Electronics (Thailand);[1020] Growatt,[1021] Solis[1022] and GoodWe[1023] | Delta, Fu Solar, Leonics, Daddee Power, Thai Tabuchi Electric and A.P.Y. Engineering make inverters in Thailand[933] | Sungrow delivered 531.82 MW of PV with 209.15 MWh of storage for Gulf[1024] and supplied the 45 MW Sirindhorn floating farm in Ubon Ratchathani; it claims over 1 GW of inverters in Thailand[1025] |
| Medium-voltage inverter stations | 22 kV skids with transformer and switchgear, one or two for 10 MWp (est.) | Sungrow through Gunkul;[1017] Huawei partners[1018] | No factory found | Sungrow's containerized SG3400HV stations run the 58.5 MW floating farm in Ubon Ratchathani[1026] |
Local service decides the choice more than the hardware. Sungrow runs a Thai service line with a toll-free number,[1027] and its Thai distributor plans nationwide coverage.[1028] Huawei certifies partners for installation and O&M.[1018] SMA now lists Thailand under its Indian subsidiary,[1029] so its local service runs through partners. Huawei, Growatt, Solis and GoodWe show only commercial and residential references in Thailand in what we found.
Every inverter must be on PEA's registration list before connection. PEA has suspended new inverter registrations from October 30 to December 8, 2026 while it moves to its 2026 grid-connection code,[937] so the tender should ask for models already listed under that code. No Thai source states the monitoring protocols; the tender should require Modbus TCP or SunSpec access to inverter data for the site's own EPMS (our judgment).
Mounting structures and trackers
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed-tilt ground mounting | Corrosion-protected steel for 10 MWp on about 100 rai | C.M. Manufacturing;[1030] PLP Thailand;[1031] Arctech;[1032] Clenergy[1033] | Yes: C.M. Manufacturing in Samut Prakan[1030] and PLP Thailand in the Lat Krabang free zone[1031] | Arctech lists a 75 MW fixed-tilt project in Thailand;[1032] Clenergy lists ground mounts including 5 MW in Udon Thani[1033] |
| Single-axis trackers (option) | Same field, if the site model shows a gain | Arctech with A2 Technologies;[1034] Clenergy[1033] | No factory found | Arctech reports a 100 MW tracker portfolio in Thailand, including a 49 MW project;[1034] Clenergy an 11 MW tracker in Chon Buri[1033] |
Mounting is 8% to 12% of a turnkey solar price,[925] and Thai fabricators can supply it, which shortens lead time and keeps spares local. In practice the EPC contractor usually picks the structure, so the tender should fix the corrosion class, the wind design basis and the pile test program rather than a brand (our judgment). A tracker moves output toward morning and evening, which suits a flat data-center load; whether that pays at C1 is a question for the site model, and we found no tracker reference in the Northeast.
Battery containers with PCS and EMS
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Utility LFP containers | 20 MWh, 4 hours, about five 20 ft containers | Sungrow PowerTitan through Gunkul;[1017] Trinasolar Elementa 2 Pro;[1035] Jinko SunTera through Uboltech Intertrade;[1036] HiTHIUM with Bangkok Cable;[1037] BYD Haohan, shown in Bangkok in 2026;[1038] Delta M-Series[1020] | Cells and packs only: Amita Technology of Energy Absolute,[1039] GPSC's G-Cell plant[1040] and CSI Energy Storage Technology (Thailand) of Canadian Solar;[1041] CATL's Thai partner ACE builds EV packs and is only exploring storage[1042] | Sungrow's PowerTitan runs at Super Energy's Sa Kaeo hybrid, 45 MW and 136.24 MWh,[1043] and Sungrow delivered 209.15 MWh for Gulf;[1024] Jinko 25 MWh at a Thai factory[1036] |
| Grid battery on a substation (reference) | Same chemistry, grid-connected | Mitsubishi Corporation with Larsen & Toubro;[942] ITL Engineering and Solution for testing and commissioning[1044] | No | EGAT's 16 MW, 16 MWh battery at Bamnet Narong substation in Chaiyaphum, next to option C4[1045][935] |
| Factory-scale systems and integrators | Useful for small first tranches, such as 5 MWh at the opening load | Toyota Tsusho (Thailand);[1046] Banpu NEXT;[1047] Tokyo Gas Engineering Solutions with GS Yuasa;[1048] Huawei with GreenYellow;[1049] Wenergy with TCE;[1050] Delta C-Series[1020] | Banpu NEXT assembles modules, including stationary storage, at the DP NEXT plant with Durapower[1051] | Dohome, 15 sites with 10 MWp and 12.9 MWh;[1049] Tokyo Gas, about 20 MW and 20 MWh at Thai factories;[1052] Wenergy, a liquid-cooled project in Chiang Mai[1050] |
Thailand has no single fire code for battery yards yet. The Engineering Institute of Thailand's installation standard for PV and battery systems (EIT 022013-24) has a chapter on battery siting, hazards and protection,[938] and TISI published a cell-safety standard for energy storage, TIS 63056, in March 2025.[1053] GIZ's 2025 report for Thailand recommends at least 1 m between containers, UL 9540A tests for larger units and 6 m from boundaries and buildings, with NFPA 855 for siting, and it asks the government to write a full specification, including fire safety, between 2026 and 2028.[935] Until then the tender should ask for UL 9540 listing, the UL 9540A test report, an NFPA 855 layout and the EIT standard together. BYD's MC Cube-T datasheet already lists UL 9540, UL 9540A and IEC 62619,[1054] and Jinko's SunTera combines gas detection, deflagration venting, extinguishing gas and a sprinkler.[1055] Insurers may load the premium by 5% to 15%.[1056]
Capacity fade is what the contract has to manage. BYD's own datasheet shows 5,010 kWh at factory test, 4,950 kWh after one month and 4,900 kWh after three,[1054] while CATL claims no fade at all for five years with TENER.[1057] Long-term warranties run up to 15 years, and the World Bank, citing Lazard, puts warranty cover at about 0.8% of equipment cost a year from year 3 and augmentation at about 2.5%.[1058] GIZ advises buying utility batteries as EPC with a long-term service agreement and performance guarantees,[935] which suits a site that buys its battery in tranches. For the EMS, BYD exposes Modbus TCP[1054] and Delta's controller works with third-party EMS,[1020] so an open site EMS is feasible. Grid-forming PCS is needed only if the battery is to island the site (our judgment).
Solar and battery EPC and operation and maintenance
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ground-mount solar EPC | 10 MWp with field civil works and the 22 kV connection, in tranches | Gunkul Engineering;[1059] SPCG;[1019] Getz Energy of GPSC, with AKK;[924] A2 Technology of Asia Precision;[1060] EGCO Engineering & Service with Solartron;[1061] B.Grimm Power with Energy China;[1062] the MPD Consortium of Mitr Phol Energy Services, PEA ENCOM International and Dongfang Electric[1063] | Thai contractors, some in joint ventures with Chinese builders | SPCG built 36 farms of 260 MW, mostly in the Northeast, including Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen and Buri Ram;[1019] Sirindhorn 45 MW in Ubon Ratchathani;[1062] Ubol Ratana 24 MW with a battery in Khon Kaen;[1063] WHA Utilities and Power is building a 9.9 MW farm at Chok Chai, Nakhon Ratchasima, for 2027[1064] |
| Battery EPC and commissioning | 20 MWh yard with fire separation, PCS and EMS integration | Mitsubishi Corporation with Larsen & Toubro;[942] ITL Engineering and Solution;[1044] A2 Technology;[1060] Toyota Tsusho (Thailand);[1046] CapSolar at factory scale[1065] | Not applicable | EGAT's Bamnet Narong battery in Chaiyaphum;[942] A2 Technology's solar-plus-battery EPC of 48.69 MW and 60.18 MWh with a 115 kV substation in Lopburi[1060] |
| Operation and maintenance | 20 to 25 years for solar, battery under an LTSA | Gunkul, which runs 37 farms in Thailand;[1059] SPCG;[1019] Huawei-certified partners[1018] | Not applicable | Gunkul holds 8 EGAT solar contracts of 429.6 MW due between 2026 and 2030[1066] |
Many of the references sit in the Northeast. Nine of the ten provinces where SPCG built its 260 MW are there, and EGAT's floating plants at Sirindhorn and Ubol Ratana and its Chaiyaphum battery give recent public-sector references near both candidate sites. The large farms found were built by developers' own EPC arms (Gunkul, Getz, SPCG) or by Thai and Chinese joint ventures. For them a 10 MWp private job is small, so mid-sized contractors such as A2 Technology may bid harder (our judgment). The tender should ask for an O&M contract with an availability guarantee next to the EPC price, because the same firms also run farms.
Price evidence for solar and battery
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ground-mount solar, turnkey | 10 MWp; the study uses 22.9 to 25.5 million THB (USD 0.69 to 0.77 million) per MWp (first data center) | Getz AKK joint venture, 148 MW for over 2,500 million THB (USD 76 million), signed September 2026[924] | Not applicable | About 16.9 million THB (USD 0.51 million) per MW (est.); whether MW is AC or DC is not stated |
| Factory solar, turnkey | Same | CapSolar's 2026 ranges[925] | Not applicable | 14 to 18 THB (USD 0.42 to 0.55) per Wp for systems of 5 MW and more, with modules, inverters, structure, balance of system and labor |
| Floating solar EPC | Not in the design; a Northeast price point | B.Grimm Power with Energy China, 842 million THB (USD 25.5 million) for 45 MW in 2020[1062] | Not applicable | About 18.7 million THB per MW (est.) at 2020 prices |
| Battery equipment | 20 MWh; the study uses USD 125 to 192 (4,125 to 6,336 THB) per kWh (first data center) | GIZ's 2024 averages for enclosure and PCS, without EPC or grid connection[935] | Not applicable | About 5,450 THB (USD 165) per kWh worldwide and 2,180 THB (USD 66) in China |
| Factory battery, installed | Small first tranches | CapSolar's 2026 range[1056] | Not applicable | 12,000 to 15,000 THB (USD 364 to 455) per kWh, down from 15,000 to 18,000 in 2024 |
| Grid battery, 1 hour | Reference only | EGAT award to Mitsubishi and Larsen & Toubro, 842.9 million THB (USD 25.5 million) for 37 MWh in 2019[942] | Not applicable | About 22,800 THB (USD 690) per kWh (est.), including civil works and installation at two substations |
The Thai solar contracts of 2026 come in at about 14 to 17 million THB per MW, 25% to 40% below the study's 22.9 to 25.5 million THB per MWp (est.). The study's figure also covers development, grid connection and owner's costs, so it is conservative for solar. The battery is less certain. GIZ's equipment average of USD 165 per kWh sits inside the study's range, but every installed Thai price found is higher: factory systems at USD 364 to 455 per kWh and EGAT's one-hour system at USD 690 per kWh in 2019. Those are small or short-duration systems, which cost more per kWh than a 4-hour utility yard, and no Thai price for a 20 MWh, 4-hour system was found. The study's battery range should therefore stay until bids arrive, and the tender should ask for equipment, EPC and the long-term service agreement as separate prices (our judgment).
Cooling, air, fire, monitoring, security and cabling
This section lists who sells the cooling plant and the building systems in Thailand, which of them make anything in the country, and where they have Thai references. Facts about current business were read in October 2026; prices are converted at 33 THB per USD.
Liquid cooling for hall A
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coolant distribution units (CDUs), liquid to liquid | CDUs at N+1 for each 700 kW pod, feeding cold plates with W40 facility water; phase 1 fits pod A1 only, for example 2+1 in-row units of 400 to 600 kW (est.) | Vertiv (Thailand) Co., Ltd., certified for turnkey thermal systems in Bangkok,[1067] with DKSH as its solutions provider;[1068] Vertiv's CoolChip range runs from 70 kW to 2,300 kW in-row units.[1069] Schneider Electric Thailand,[1070] whose Motivair CDUs come from the US, Italy and, since February 2026, Bengaluru.[1071] Delta Electronics (Thailand), with in-rack units of up to 200 kW[1072] and a 2.4 MW 800 VDC unit.[1073] Nidec.[1074] Boyd (Eaton), whose ROL2300 CDU of 2.3 MW is built around an Alfa Laval brazed plate exchanger[1075] | Yes. Nidec builds CDUs of 100 to 250 kW, developed with Supermicro, at its Ayutthaya plant; it planned 2,000 a month by June 2024[928] and had shipped 5,000 by November 2024.[1074] Vertiv opened an 84,000 m² modular plant in Rayong in 2018;[1076] its nearest CDU plant found is Johor, Malaysia, opened July 1, 2026.[1077] Boyd lists a site in Amata Nakorn, Chonburi, without saying what it makes[1078] | GSA Data Center says it was the first in Thailand to liquid-cool and run NVIDIA GB200 (Dec 8, 2025).[1079] A Chinese vendor's review lists GSA01 with full liquid cooling and STT Bangkok 1 with immersion and direct-to-chip cooling.[1080] True IDC says it uses liquid cooling.[783] CoolIT is now part of Ecolab;[1081] no Thai CoolIT or nVent data-center partner was found |
| Rear-door or in-row coils for the 10 to 15% of heat that reaches the air | Coils on the chilled-water loop beside the liquid-cooled racks | Vertiv and Schneider as above; SITEM for STULZ CyberRow in-row units of up to 56 kW on water;[1082] Delta RowCool[1083] | No factory found | STT Bangkok 2, due in 2027, specifies fan walls beside direct-to-chip and immersion cooling[1084] |
Nidec's Ayutthaya line is the only CDU factory found in Thailand, and its products were developed with Supermicro, so a tender should ask whether Nidec sells them for other servers and with what controls (our reading). CDUs are a long-lead item: US quotes in May 2026 ran 30 to 50 weeks (secondary source),[939] and no Thai lead times were found. The design asks the CDU controllers for Redfish or Modbus TCP and for coolant pH, conductivity and glycol readings; none of the sources above states the protocols of a specific CDU, so this belongs in the specification.
Local service matters more than the factory. Vertiv and Schneider both have Thai offices with data-center service, Delta has Thai plants and engineering, and the coolant chemistry can come from Ecolab or Kurita in Thailand (see heat rejection).
Heat rejection
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry coolers, with an adiabatic option | Dry coolers on a pad southeast of the building, about 5.5 K above the outside air, carrying the whole W40 load below about 34.5 °C | CIG BluSolutions, part of C.I. Group PCL,[1085] with its MaxFlow data-center dry cooler;[929] Güntner through its Thai sales and service network;[1086] LU-VE through its Thailand sales team;[1087] Thermokey has no Thai agent and sells from Italy[1088] | Yes. CIG BluSolutions makes MaxFlow in Thailand and rates it at 33 °C dry bulb with 40 °C water in and 33 °C out;[929] C.I. Group, a Thai maker for over 40 years,[1089] also sells the Save-Cool adiabatic cooler.[1090] Güntner's Asian plant is in Indonesia[1086] | No Thai data-center reference for a dry cooler was found. The MaxFlow page gives no capacity in kW |
| Trim chillers | About 30% of peak cooling for the hottest hours (about 380 hours a year at W40), plus the chilled water for hall B | Trane Thailand;[930] Carrier Thailand, which launched the AquaEdge 19MV oil-free centrifugal chiller locally;[1091] Johnson Controls Thailand with the YORK YVFA free-cooling screw chiller;[1092] Johnson Controls-Hitachi with VG and S centrifugal chillers on R1234ze;[1093] Daikin;[1094] Mitsubishi Heavy Industries through MHI-Mahajak[1095] | Yes for Trane: its Samut Prakan plant, run by Amair Limited,[1096] calls itself the only chiller plant in Thailand with an AHRI 550/590 test room (vendor claim).[930] Carrier's Pathum Thani plant makes air conditioners,[1097] and Daikin's Chonburi plant[1094] and MHI-Mahajak[1095] name no chiller line | Trane supplied chillers and a Tracer chiller-plant system, with FAT, SAT and IST, to an unnamed Thai data center certified Tier III and TIA-942.[1098] True IDC uses magnetic oil-free water-cooled chillers.[783] A public tender in October 2025 bought one 570-ton chiller, supplied and installed, for 7,681,040 THB (about USD 232,800), about 13,500 THB (USD 410) per ton; Johnson Controls was among six bidders[1099] |
| Pumps | Facility-loop pumps at N+1 on UPS-backed power, with variable-speed drives (est.) | Grundfos Thailand, in the country since 1993;[1100] KSB Pumps Co., Ltd., with sites in Bangkok and Rayong, 120 staff and stock;[1101] Wilo Thailand, which names data centers as a focus segment;[1102] EBARA (Thailand)[1103] | Partly. EBARA has had a Thai factory branch for local fabrication and service since 2008;[1103] no Thai pump factory was found for the others | No data-center pump reference in Thailand was found |
| Plate heat exchangers | Exchangers between the dry-cooler loop and the facility water, and inside CDUs | Alfa Laval Thailand, with a Bangkok office and service centers near Bangkok and Hat Yai;[1104] Thaiflex Equipment Co., Ltd., the official Kelvion distributor[1105] | No factory found; Kelvion's nearest own sites are in Malaysia and Singapore[1106] | Alfa Laval's brazed plate exchanger sits inside Boyd's 2.3 MW CDU[1075] |
| Water treatment | Closed-loop chemistry, glycol and in-line monitoring for the facility and CDU loops | Ecolab Thailand, which serves Nalco Water customers[1107] and offers 3D TRASAR cooling-water technology;[1108] Kurita-GK Chemical Co., Ltd.[1109] | Yes for Kurita-GK, 85% owned by Kurita Water Industries, which makes closed recirculating-water chemicals in Thailand under a factory license from 1992[1109] | Ecolab now owns CoolIT,[1081] so a CoolIT CDU and Nalco chemistry come from one group |
Thailand makes two of the large pieces. Trane builds chillers in Samut Prakan and CIG BluSolutions builds a data-center dry cooler rated for 40 °C water. Buying locally should shorten delivery and put spares in the country, though no Thai lead times were found; US quotes in May 2026 were 40 to 60 weeks for air-cooled chillers over 500 tons (secondary source).[939] The one public Thai chiller price found is the October 2025 tender above, which is for comfort cooling and includes installation, so it bounds a trim-chiller price rather than sets it.
The chiller and dry-cooler controls should speak BACnet/IP or Modbus TCP to the building management system, and the contract should ask for it by name. Trane's Thai reference used its own Tracer plant manager,[1098] which is a closed product; the design keeps such controllers for local loops and reads them from the open monitoring stack.
Air side for hall B
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Computer-room air handlers (CRAH) or fan walls | Fan walls or CRAH units on chilled water of about 18 to 20 °C with hot-aisle containment, for 0.3 MW in phase 1 | Site Preparation Management Co., Ltd. (SITEM), the STULZ partner for Thailand;[1110] Vertiv through Vertiv Thailand[1067] and DKSH;[1068] Schneider Electric Thailand with Uniflair;[1070] Technical Support Co. with CANATAL[1111] | No. SITEM says its STULZ units are made in Germany[1082] | STT Bangkok 2 specifies N+2 fan wall units on a chilled-water plant, with a design PUE of 1.3.[1084] True IDC uses fan-wall units.[783] Canatal lists a Thai Navy project through ATAL, accepted in June 2025[1112] |
| In-row coolers | For the few racks of 15 to 20 kW in hall B | SITEM with STULZ CyberRow, up to 56 kW on water;[1082] Delta with RowCool, up to 60 kW[1083] | No factory found | Delta's RowCool reports over an SNMP card[1083] |
Every unit named here is imported. What decides the choice is service in Thailand: SITEM, DKSH and the Vertiv and Schneider offices all offer it. Remote monitoring is offered over SNMP on Delta's units;[1083] the tender should ask for BACnet/IP or Modbus TCP as well, so that the same collectors read hall B and hall A.
Filtration and corrosion monitoring
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gas-phase (chemical) filtration of make-up air | Particle and gas-phase filters on the make-up air, keeping the halls at positive pressure and below ISA G1 corrosion | Purafil, whose Thai representative in 2013 was 3V Engineering Solutions;[1113] Camfil (Thailand) Ltd.;[1114] AAF International (Thailand) Co., Ltd.[1115] | No. Purafil makes all its media in Doraville, Georgia;[1116] AAF Thailand is a distributor,[1115] in Thailand since 2013[1117] | No Thai data-center reference found |
| Real-time corrosion monitors | Copper and silver reactivity at the intake and in each hall, about 3 to 4 units (est.) | Purafil OnGuard Smart with Modbus, at USD 5,200 (about 171,600 THB), shipping in 8 weeks;[1118] JST Group with Cosasco Air IQ graded to ISA 71.04[1119] | No | 3 to 4 OnGuard units come to about 0.51 to 0.69 million THB at list price (est.) |
| Corrosion coupons | A coupon survey on the plot before the air-side design, then quarterly coupons | AAF Thailand with SAAF 30-day reactivity coupons;[1120] Purafil coupons at USD 453.30 (about 15,000 THB) each[723] | No | |
| Reference humidity and weather sensors | Reference probes in the halls and an outdoor mast | Filterfine Advanced Technology, the sole authorized Vaisala distributor for Thailand;[1121] Vaisala's HMP9 reference probe speaks Modbus RTU[739] | No |
The supply chain for gas-phase filtration is short in Thailand but thin. Purafil's last Thai representative found dates from 2013, so its current partner must be confirmed before a tender, while Camfil and AAF both have Thai companies. The OnGuard monitor exports Modbus and 4 to 20 mA,[1118] which fits the open telemetry design.
Racks and containment
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hall A racks | Per pod, about 5 rack-scale systems of about 140 kW or 12 to 24 racks of 30 to 60 kW, with liquid manifolds | Cheval Group, which makes OCP Open Rack v3 (ORv3) racks and hosts an OCP Experience Center in Chiang Mai;[1122] Legrand with Minkels ORv3 racks of over 100 kW,[1123] sold in Thailand through bticino;[1124] Schneider Electric Thailand with EcoStruxure racks and pods[1125] | Yes. Cheval builds ORv3 racks in Chiang Mai under ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, rated 1,800 kg static and 1,400 kg dynamic, about 80 knocked-down sets per 40-foot container[931] | Cheval's center shows NVIDIA's MGX ORv3 rack for GB200 NVL72.[1122] Its PDF gives 1,600 kg static, so the rating must be confirmed |
| Hall B and core racks | 60 racks in hall B and about 20 in the core, 42 to 48U and about 1,200 mm deep (est.) | Vertiv through VST ECS[1126] and DKSH;[1068] Rittal Ltd. in Bangkok;[1127] Schneider APC NetShelter;[1125] MAP RACK;[1128] Interlink with Germany Export racks,[1129] also sold by NaapTech[1130] | Yes. A US reseller lists Vertiv VR racks as made in Thailand;[1131] MAP RACK has its own Thai factory.[1128] Rittal imports[1127] | A 42U network rack of 60 x 60 cm lists at 20,440 THB (about USD 620);[1130] server racks of 1,200 mm depth were not priced |
| Containment and cages | Hot-aisle containment in hall B and locked customer cages | Vertiv SmartRow through VST ECS;[1126] Legrand Data Center Solutions (Minkels);[1124] Schneider row and pod systems[1125] | No factory found |
Racks are the one item where the plot's own region makes something: Cheval builds ORv3 racks in Chiang Mai, and Vertiv's VR racks appear to be made in Thailand. Local racks cut freight and lead time (our reading), but a rack for a GB300-class system must carry its weight and match the maker's manifold and power shelf, so the GPU vendor's approved rack list comes first.
Fire detection and suppression
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspirating smoke detection | VESDA-E in every space, each unit covering up to 2,000 m²[741] | SST, which sells Xtralis VESDA (Honeywell)[1132] | No | STT Bangkok 2 specifies VESDA;[1084] CMU ITSC uses VESDA.[15] VESDA-E is listed to UL/ULC, FM, VdS and CE[1132] |
| Pre-action sprinklers or water mist in the halls | Double-interlock pre-action sprinklers or water mist | Firetrade Engineering PCL, with FOGTEC water mist;[1133] FOGTEC, which lists a Bangkok contact;[1134] Marioff HI-FOG, used with pre-action in data centers worldwide,[1135] but no Thai Marioff partner was found | No | STT Bangkok 2 specifies a pre-action sprinkler system[1084] |
| Clean-agent gas | Electrical rooms, UPS-battery rooms and the tape room | Firetrade Engineering, with FM-200 and FK-5-1-12 (Novec 1230) systems;[1136] Johnson Controls with its Thai partner Tanathornkul Co., Ltd. for ANSUL inert gas and SAPPHIRE Plus FK-5-1-12[1137] | No | STT Bangkok 2 specifies nitrogen;[1084] ITSC uses a semi-automatic Halon system.[15] 3M announced it would stop making Novec 1230 by 2025, and drop-in FK-5-1-12 fluids replace it;[1138] FM-200's GWP is about 3,500[1136] and US rules phase down HFCs by 2036[1138] |
| Battery off-gas detection | Detection in each lithium container and UPS-battery room | CSPM, with Li-ion Tamer; its controller has Modbus outputs to isolate batteries and start ventilation[1139] | No | |
| Standards and contractors | Design to NFPA 75 and NFPA 2001, by a contractor with data-center work | Firetrade Engineering PCL, listed, with 935.52 million THB (about USD 28 million) of sales in January to September 2024[1140] | The Engineering Institute of Thailand (EIT) trains engineers in clean-agent design for IT buildings on NFPA 75 and NFPA 2001;[1141] no EIT data-center fire code was found |
No fire equipment of this class is made in Thailand, but the Thai suppliers are established, and one large operator specifies the same combination for STT Bangkok 2 that this design proposes. The agent choice has a supply side: with Novec 1230 gone and FM-200 under phase-down, the tender should name FK-5-1-12 from a stated producer or an inert gas, and ask for UL listing and FM approval.[1138]
The Thai fire contractor should show NFPA 75 and NFPA 2001 designs at a data center; Firetrade is listed and publishes its accounts,[1140] which helps a buyer check its size.
Leak detection
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Locating leak-detection cable and panels | Cable under CDUs, in the floor trenches and along pipes, with zones and alarms to the BMS | Fusion Technology & Services, whose panels report over RS485 or Modbus TCP and can close valves;[1142] TTK, with FM approval for FG-NET since December 21, 2020[1143] and more than 90 data centers in Asia-Pacific,[1144] but no Thai distributor found; RLE, whose 3-foot SC-3 cable sells for USD 204.99 (about 6,800 THB) in the US,[740] with no Thai distributor found | No | No Thai data-center reference was found |
Leak cable is a small purchase with a large consequence in a liquid-cooled hall. Because neither TTK nor RLE shows a Thai distributor, the tender may have to go through a regional distributor or a Thai integrator such as Fusion, and should ask for Modbus TCP output and for FM approval.
Building management, power monitoring and DCIM
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Building management system (BMS) | Controllers for HVAC, CDUs, chillers, fire and leak inputs, with BACnet/IP, Modbus TCP, SNMP and full local data export | Schneider Electric Thailand with EcoStruxure;[1145] Siemens with Desigo CC;[1146] Johnson Controls Thailand with Metasys;[1147] Honeywell through MASTEC[1148] and Mind Vision;[1149] Tridium Niagara through Mind Vision;[1150] InControl as integrator[1151] | No | SUPERNAP Thailand runs EcoStruxure.[1145] InControl reports BMS and power-management work for a hyperscale data center in Thailand and a second campus.[1151] Metasys supports BACnet and IEC 62443-4-2 SL2[1147] |
| Power meters (EPMS) | Class A meters on each PEA incomer and each generator section, and meters at UPS outputs | Janitza UMG 512-PRO, with Modbus TCP, optional BACnet and SNMP;[1152] Schneider PowerLogic PM8244 at 58,050 THB (about USD 1,760);[1153] Socomec Thailand, in the country since 2006[968] | Schneider makes breakers at Bangpoo, Samut Prakan;[1154] no Thai meter factory found | |
| Data-center infrastructure management (DCIM) | Capacity and environmental views beside the open monitoring stack | Schneider EcoStruxure IT, which Schneider says cut cooling power by 38% in a 70-rack Thai government data center (vendor claim)[1155] | No |
Every vendor here sells closed controllers, and that is acceptable under the design as long as each exports its data over BACnet/IP, Modbus TCP or SNMP. Niagara is the most open of the frameworks found (our reading) and has a Thai seller.[1150] The integrator matters as much as the brand; InControl is the only Thai integrator found that names data-center BMS and power-management work.[1151]
Physical security
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Access control, biometrics and mantrap | Card and biometric readers, a mantrap into the halls, cages and a two-person rule for the tape vault | HID through AMG Thailand, with open-architecture Mercury controllers,[1156] and Vulcan Technology, which also sells Genetec and Suprema;[1157] Gallagher, with a Bangkok office announced in 2013;[1158] Genetec through Bacom Internetwork[1159] | No | STT Bangkok 2 specifies two-factor access to the data halls and contactless cards[1084] |
| CCTV (ONVIF) | Cameras on the fence line, yards and every door, with recording | Axis Communications (Thailand), with an Experience Center in Bangkok since November 2023;[1160] Hikvision IOT (Thailand) Co., Ltd.[1161] | No | STT Bangkok 2 specifies 1080p video with analytics kept for 90 days and K12 vehicle barriers.[1084] The US FCC lists Hikvision equipment used for security of critical infrastructure[1162] |
The security makers all import, and the Thai channel is through distributors and integrators. A buyer that expects customers bound by US rules should note the FCC listing of Hikvision.[1162] ONVIF conformance of specific cameras was not checked here and belongs in the specification.
Structured cabling and fiber
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper and fiber structured cabling | Cabling for four networks (100/400G front end, storage, 800G GPU back end, management and OT) and two meet-me rooms | Interlink Communication PCL, importer of LINK American Cabling with a 30-year warranty;[1129] Nine Distribution, certified by CommScope for SYSTIMAX and NETCONNECT;[1163] Corning through Masstron (Thailand) and Planet Communications;[1164] Panduit, with a Thai office;[1165] Leviton, whose products are mostly made in the US,[1166] with no Thai distributor found | Partly. Charoong Thai Wire & Cable makes fiber optic cable;[950] SEIKOH GIKEN opened a fiber-optic component plant at WHA Saraburi in April 2026.[1167] Panduit manufactures outside Thailand[1165] | Interlink also runs an EPC business and its own data center[1129] |
Copper and fiber cabling is easy to buy in Thailand, from stock and with long warranties, and some fiber cable and components are now made locally. The parts that set the schedule for an AI hall, the 800G optics and high-count MPO trunks, are imported (our reading), and their lead times belong with the network purchase.
IT, network and construction
This section covers the IT equipment of the first data center (GPU servers, hosting and storage servers, the network and tape) and the firms that design, build, commission and cost a data center in Thailand. Prices were read in October 2026 from list prices and reseller listings, and none of them is a quote. Foreign prices are converted at 33 THB per USD and at the ECB rate of 37.821 THB per EUR.
GPU servers
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HGX B200/B300-class 8-GPU servers | 16 liquid-cooled B300-class servers in the reference fit-out (128 GPUs, about 230 kW), accepting W40 facility water; more in pods A1 and A2 later | Supermicro through Throughwave, its official Thai distributor for more than 15 years,[905] with Supermicro's own account staff in Bangkok;[1168] Dell Technologies Thailand;[1169] Lenovo (Thailand);[210] HPE through Metro Professional Products;[1170] ASUS through Ingram Micro (Thailand);[1171] GIGABYTE through VST ECS;[1172] resellers such as Maxwell Thailand[1173] and ShoppingPC[209] | Inventec builds servers in Thailand and planned B200 servers there (2023 report);[1174] Celestica designs and makes servers and storage at Laem Chabang;[1175] Delta Electronics (Thailand) makes 5,500 W server power supplies.[1176] These plants build for brand owners. | Siam AI bought eight DGX B200 at about 11 million THB (USD 333,000) each[141] and chose Dell servers for its cloud;[1169] JTS runs its GPU cloud on HPE;[146] Mahidol's H200 system came with Lenovo.[210] ShoppingPC lists a Supermicro HGX B300 at 120 million THB (USD 3.6 million),[209] a listing to anchor a quote. |
| GB300 NVL72 racks (later) | 135 kW liquid-cooled racks on Ubuntu LTS, W40 water | The same OEM channels; NVIDIA products through Ingram Micro, which has held NVIDIA distribution rights for Thailand since 2021;[1177] MPP called itself an NVIDIA Elite partner in 2022[1170] | No rack-scale assembly found | Siam AI's GB200 NVL72 module runs at STT Bangkok 1;[66] Freyr AI deploys B300 and GB300 servers to NVIDIA reference designs in Southeast Asian colocation sites and was the first NVIDIA Cloud Partner with Thai BOI approval;[1178] OneAsia's BKK1 in northern Bangkok was to host OBON's H100 clusters of about 4,000 GPUs for Siam AI Cloud (2024).[1179] |
| AMD Instinct alternative | A second source of GPUs | GIGABYTE lists a 256-GPU MI355X pod at up to 70 kW per rack on its Thai site[556] | None found | No Thai MI355X deployment found. |
Lead time depends on the seller's NVIDIA allocation more than on the brand (our reading). In mid-2026 OEMs with allocation quoted 4 to 8 weeks for HGX B300, Supermicro 2 to 4, Dell and Lenovo 6 to 8, and 8 to 14 weeks for buyers without a relationship.[1180] In October 2026 the Supermicro B300 was out of stock on its US store, at 8 to 12 weeks from buffer stock or more than 30 weeks configured to order,[20] and a reseller put custom builds above 20 weeks.[1181] No Thai seller publishes a price or a lead time, so each quote should be checked against the US price plus freight, duty and VAT (hardware note).
Two points matter beyond price. Throughwave offers 8x5 or 24x7 support,[905] but on-site service in Korat should be written into the contract. GPU servers also carry export-control risk: Bloomberg reported that OBON, under US investigation, was one of several suppliers of Siam AI's servers,[69] so the seller should supply end-user paperwork and the investor's counsel should review it. Siam AI's own builds mix Dell servers, DGX systems, DDN and WEKA storage,[1169][1182][142] which shows that Thai buyers deal with several channels at once.
Hosting and storage servers
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hosting and agent servers (1 or 2 socket EPYC) | Hall B hosting, VM and agent servers (the 20 colocation racks hold customers' own servers) | Supermicro through Throughwave[905] and resellers such as Gearlab;[863] ASRock Rack through Indigo Distribution and PC Gallery;[1183] GIGABYTE, whose Thai site lists 1U EPYC 4004/4005 servers[1184] | Celestica builds servers at Laem Chabang;[1175] Delta's server power supplies[1176] | Gearlab lists a 1U server with two EPYC 9355 and 1.5 TB at 2,805,300 THB (USD 85,000).[863] |
| Ceph storage servers | 1 PB usable with 8+3 erasure coding, at least 12 servers, room for 5 PB | Supermicro through Throughwave and Gearlab[1185] | Seagate's Korat plant, its largest worldwide, makes drives[932] | Gearlab lists a 2U server with an EPYC 9455P and eight 24 TB drives at 2,127,900 THB (USD 64,500).[1185] |
| Hard disks | 24 to 30 TB drives for Ceph | Thai B2B resellers such as GIST[616] | Seagate, Korat[932] | GIST had no distributor price or stock for a 24 TB Exos in June 2026.[616] |
The schedule depends on supply. A UK tracker reported 30 to 52 weeks for standard x86 servers in July 2026,[904] and Thai resellers could not quote large drives.[616] The investor should order storage drives early, accept two drive models, and ask for Redfish and, where offered, OpenBMC on every server.
Network, optics and long-haul links
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front-end and storage switches | 25/100/400G leaf-spine of SONiC white boxes | Edgecore through Throughwave (1G to 800G with SONiC),[565] Photon State (distributes, installs and supports),[566] SWS Group[567] and Easy Net, the two Thai distributors on Edgecore's own list[1186] | Celestica makes networking products at Laem Chabang;[1175] no Thai channel for its own switches found | Photon State designs use the AS7726-32X spine with Enterprise or Community SONiC;[566] that switch lists at about 243,000 THB (EUR 6,436.61, USD 7,400) in Germany.[562] No Thai prices. |
| GPU back-end switches | 800G Ethernet with RoCE on SONiC | NVIDIA SN5600 through NVIDIA's Thai distributors such as Ingram Micro;[1177] Edgecore 800G through Throughwave;[565] Celestica DS5000 ships with ONIE and SONiC[1187] but no Thai seller found; Asterfusion, no Thai presence found | None found | Abroad, an Asterfusion 64x800G with enterprise SONiC lists at 1.54 million THB (USD 46,800)[509] and the SN5600 at 2.46 million THB (USD 74,457).[510] UfiSpace: no Thai presence found. |
| Optics | 25G to 800G transceivers and cables | FS.com ships from Singapore; an aggregator shows 400G QSFP-DD for Thai buyers from 7,641.83 THB (USD 232), and a LINK-brand 400G FR8 at 126,500 THB (USD 3,833) from a Thai seller;[1188] Photon State lists Edgecore optics[566] | Fabrinet makes transceivers in Chonburi, with NVIDIA 16% of its revenue;[1189] Innolight's Thai plant opened in 2022;[1190] Smartoptics sources non-China optics partly from Thailand[1191] | Branded optics come through the switch maker's channel; compatible optics are cheaper but need testing with SONiC (our reading). |
| DWDM or transponders for the two routes | Two 100G backhauls of about 224 to 250 km to Telehouse Bangkok, unless a carrier sells the wavelength | Nokia, with a Thai country team and resellers such as Teohong Silom;[1192] Huawei, which lists the OptiXtrans DC908 (100 to 800G per wavelength) on its Thai site;[1193] ZTE;[1194] FS.com's DCP920 for links up to 80 km[1195] | Only the transceivers (Fabrinet, Innolight) | Nokia linked INET's Bangkok data centers to Saraburi in 2017[1192] and upgraded IGC's border-to-border network to 400G per wavelength in 2024;[1196] ZTE built three of four regions of True's beyond-100G backbone, including the Northeast;[1194] Huawei built UniNet's national DWDM backbone;[1197] a Thai host runs FS DWDM over 50 km.[1195] |
| Edge routers | Four NixOS servers with FRR and 100G NICs (two at the site, two at Telehouse) | Plain x86 servers from the Supermicro channel[905][863] | As for hosting servers | The design uses no vendor router. |
| Firewall appliances | OPNsense for the admin VPN and bastions | Deciso's European shop: DEC4280 at about 263,000 THB (EUR 6,948, USD 8,000);[585] Deciso lists no Thai reseller;[1198] or OPNsense on a plain server | None | The DEC4280 moves 21 Gbps port to port,[513] enough for admin traffic only. |
The routes decide the optical gear. An 80 km box such as FS's DCP920[1195] does not reach Korat, so each route needs either a carrier wavelength or amplified coherent DWDM on leased dark fiber (our reading). Nokia, Huawei and ZTE all run long-haul DWDM in Thai carrier networks,[1196][1197][1194] which means local spares and engineers exist, but none publishes a price. The investor should ask EGAT and the fiber carrier for a wavelength price first and compare it with a quote for its own amplified DWDM on dark fiber.
No Thai seller publishes switch or optics prices, so tenders should ask Throughwave, Photon State, SWS Group and Easy Net for delivered prices, lead times and SONiC support terms.[565][566][567][1186] Country of origin now matters for optics: Smartoptics sells documented non-China modules because buyers face sourcing rules,[1191] and some of those modules, like Fabrinet's and Innolight's, are made in Thailand.[1189][1190]
Tape libraries and media
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTO-9 tape library | A library of about 80 slots and 4 drives for two tape copies of 1 PB, driven by Bareos with LTFS, in its own fire compartment | HPE StoreEver through Wisetech[629] and Ingram Micro (Thailand), which listed the MSL6480;[1199] IBM TS4300, Thai channel not found; Quantum Scalar, no Thai presence found; Spectra Logic, whose Asia-Pacific office is in Australia[1200] | None | IBM's US sample price for a TS4300 with 80 slots and four LTO-9 drives is 1.80 million THB (USD 54,500),[631] and with 40 slots and two drives 924,000 THB (USD 28,000);[630] a Quantum Scalar i3 LTO-9 drive is 294,000 THB (USD 8,899) in the US.[1201] |
| LTO-9 drive for the ITSC pilot | One external drive | Wisetech: HPE BC042A at 248,000 THB (USD 7,500) excluding VAT[629] | None | |
| LTO-9 cartridges | About 124 cartridges for two copies plus spares (open-infrastructure note) | KL iT Online: Fujifilm LTO-9 at 4,477 THB (USD 136)[628] | None | About 249 THB per native TB (our arithmetic). |
HPE has the clearest Thai channel for tape (our reading). IBM, Quantum and Spectra Logic would need a quote through a regional partner, and the investor should ask each bidder who services the library in Korat and how fast drives are replaced (our reading). All library and drive firmware is closed, so the tender should require a documented SCSI or REST interface that Bareos supports.
Design, construction and commissioning
| Component | What the design needs | Who sells it in Thailand | Made in Thailand | Thai references and notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data-center design | Tier III design to Uptime's design-document certification, warm-water liquid cooling, 2N power | Aurecon, designer of GSA's data center[1202] and a 24 MW hyperscale site in Bangna;[1203] Meinhardt, lead consultant for a 108 MW campus in Rayong;[1204] Steven J. Leach Architects (STT);[1205] GCME, a Thai M&E and EPC firm with an Uptime Accredited Tier Designer;[1206] Infraset for turnkey smaller sites[1207] | Service, delivered by Thai teams | Uptime lists Tier III design, construction and operations awards in Thailand;[270] True IDC's East Bangna 3 to 5 hold Tier III design certification.[1208] |
| General contractors and design-build | Building, MEP and fit-out of a 2 MW facility in Korat | Thai Takenaka International (GSA Data Center 01);[940] Thai Kajima (STT's Tera data center);[1205] Sino-Thai Engineering and Construction (two data centers for Quartz Computing, reported as Google's);[1209] Christiani & Nielsen (Thai) (three buildings at East Bangna 3 to 5, whose client is very likely True IDC by our reading, plus data centers in Chon Buri and Rayong);[1210][1211] Leighton Asia (NTT's Bangkok fit-out and MEP);[1212] Infraset for small rooms[1213] | VCON Thai made the precast floor slabs of STT Bangkok 01 and GSA01[1214] | Sino-Thai's contracts are worth 7.58 billion THB (USD 230 million) and 8.38 billion THB (USD 254 million).[1209] The only Korat project found is Gorilla Technology's planned 200 MW campus, which it intends to design and build itself.[364] |
| Commissioning agents | Levels 1 to 5 with integrated systems tests at design load, including the W40 loop | Commtech Asia, whose Thai team commissioned a 32 MW Bangkok site, including one of Thailand's first liquid-cooled phases;[1215] Accenture (Thailand), which advertised a Bangkok post leading 15 commissioning agents through levels L0 to L5;[1216] Leighton Asia includes commissioning in its scope;[1212] Cole Opus Asia offers client-side commissioning in Asia, Thai presence not shown[1217] | Service, delivered by Thai teams | Commtech acted as both project manager and commissioning agent.[1215] |
| Load banks | Resistive load banks for generators and UPS, liquid-cooled load banks for the GPU loop | Aggreko (Thailand) Limited,[996] whose group planned to double its liquid-cooled load-bank fleet in 2026 with investment in Asia;[1218] Namsang for generator load banks[1219] | None found | No Thai rental prices found. |
| Cost consultants | Cost plan, tender and total cost of ownership | Turner & Townsend, Bangkok office with more than 250 Thai projects;[1220] WT Partnership, cost manager for GSA and the 24 MW Bangna site;[1202][1203] Mentabuild, formerly Arcadis Thailand;[1221] Currie & Brown, one Thai office;[1222] Linesight has no Thai office[1223] | Service, delivered by Thai teams | Turner & Townsend's 2026-27 cost index adds Bangkok;[297] Cushman & Wakefield puts Thailand at 290 million THB (USD 8.8 million) per MW, up 14.7% in a year.[1224] |
In our reading, the large Thai data centers so far were built by the Thai arms of Japanese contractors, a few Thai listed builders and, in the EEC, Chinese contractors. A Thai engineering consultancy counts 30 of about 35 EEC data-center sites as run by Chinese contractors and says prices fell from 325 to 357.5 million THB (USD 10 to 11 million) per MW to about 198 to 231 million THB (USD 6 to 7 million) on some projects.[941] Brokers say a Thai data center takes 15 to 20 months to build,[1225] while Sino-Thai's two contracts run from April 2025 to April and July 2027, about two years.[1209] A 2 MW site in Korat is small for these firms (our reading), so the tender should also invite the Thai M&E contractors with data-center references, such as GCME and Infraset.[1206][1207]
Commissioning should be independent of the builder. The commissioning agent should be hired at design stage, and the contract should name liquid-cooled load banks for the hall A loop, which Aggreko has been adding for AI sites,[1218] and a full integrated systems test before Uptime's constructed-facility certification.[270] Cost advice is local: Turner & Townsend and WT Partnership both have Thai data-center work,[1220][1202] and an early cost plan should be checked against Cushman & Wakefield's Thai figure.[1224]
What this means for the investor
The investor can buy nearly all of the facility through companies that already work in Thailand, and can buy a real share of it from Thai factories: cables, switchgear built under license, transformers, main switchboards, dry coolers, chillers, coolant distribution units, racks, mounting structures and fiber. That shortens deliveries and makes warranty work easier, and it is worth asking for local content in every tender.
The tenders should go out by package, each to at least three of the sellers listed, with the same specification for all of them. That specification has to carry what the design depends on: open protocols for every controller (Modbus TCP, BACnet/IP, SNMP, Redfish), response times and spare parts for a site three hours from the nearest service center, the Thai licenses (TIS for UPS, PEA's lists for transformers and inverters), and the battery safety tests. Equipment, installation and long-term service should be priced separately, so that the bids can be compared.
The order dates matter more than the brand choices. Transformers, switchgear, generators, UPS, coolant distribution units and chillers all take most of a year or longer, and the GPU servers and network optics depend on global supply. Holding the design freeze to the second quarter of 2027 keeps the 2028 opening possible.
The prices found are mostly encouraging for solar and silent for the large plant. A firm price list needs requests for quotation, which is the next step and costs only time.
Open questions
| Question | Who can answer it |
|---|---|
| Firm prices and lead times for the two 3,150 kVA transformers, the 22 kV switchgear, the main switchboards and the busways | Ekarat, Tirathai, QTC; ABB, Schneider through Asefa, Siemens through CPT and E.S. International |
| Price, lead time and service terms for 2N lithium UPS of the hall sizes, with the TIS 1291 license number | Schneider, Vertiv through DKSH, Huawei, Socomec, Riello through SITEM |
| Continuous-rated 1,600 kVA sets with an unlimited-hours letter, delivered with paralleling controls | Cummins DKSH, Metro Machinery (Cat), MTS (MTU's service partner), O A Sales and Service (Mitsubishi) |
| A 10 MWp solar field with an O&M contract and availability guarantee, and inverters already on PEA's 2026 list | Gunkul, SPCG, Getz Energy, A2 Technology, and the inverter makers' Thai partners |
| A 20 MWh, four-hour battery with UL 9540A test reports, spacing to NFPA 855, augmentation and a long-term service agreement | Gunkul (Sungrow), Trina, Jinko through Uboltech, HiTHIUM with Bangkok Cable, BYD, Delta, Banpu NEXT, Toyota Tsusho |
| CDUs and dry coolers rated for W40 water, with Thai references and open protocols | Nidec, Vertiv, Schneider, Delta; CIG BluSolutions, Güntner |
| Fire detection and clean-agent systems for the electrical, UPS-battery and tape rooms, and the battery yard | SST (VESDA), Firetrade, Johnson Controls with Tanathornkul |
| A design-build contractor willing to build 2 MW in Korat, and an Uptime-accredited designer | Thai Takenaka, Thai Kajima, Sino-Thai (STECON), Christiani & Nielsen, Italthai Engineering; GCME, Aurecon, Meinhardt |
| Whether any of the firms above already has a service base in Korat or Chaiyaphum, or would open one for this site | each tenderer |